Habit and disposition

Use in the book

The opening danger includes the gods’ being in a state in which they grant the request. Human error is not the only factor named in the feared outcome. Later, the person disposed to kill benefits from being unable to recognize the intended victim. The benefit belongs to that particular conjunction of purpose and ignorance; remove the murderous disposition and the evaluation can change.

The Athenians describe the Spartans as neglectfully disposed toward worship, evaluating their conduct by the visible economy of religious expenditure. The oracle and Socrates’ interpretation challenge that way of reading the disposition. Costly action does not by itself establish holiness, while modest ritual provision does not by itself establish disregard for the divine.

At 150d the educational goal is learning how one should be disposed toward gods and people. The concern is broader than memorizing one safe request. It includes the character of the petitioner and the practical intelligence needed to speak and act properly. The soul inspected at 149e–150a is relevant in this ethical sense; it is not merely the possession surrendered in the earlier imaginary exchange of power for life.

Disposition is therefore one of the ordinary relational words that holds the argument together. Different states make the same information, capacity or petition function differently. The text does not supply a complete theory of character formation, but it repeatedly refuses to evaluate outward success apart from the state of the agent.

Places to read

1. 138bThe gods’ state of granting requests is part of the danger.
2. 144cIgnorance of a particular object is better for people disposed in the specified harmful way.
3. 149aThe Athenians characterize Spartan worship as neglectful.
4. 149e–150aThe gods attend to whether a soul is holy and just.
5. 150dLearning the right disposition toward gods and people is the final educational condition.

Translation in this edition

The English retains “be disposed” across the different applications. Reading it as one rigid technical definition would be no more faithful than replacing it everywhere with unrelated paraphrases. The opening hexis and the later diakeisthai are related explanatory vocabulary, not the same Greek word.

Use in the book

The Hermetic account makes justice arise when desire and spirit establish an equal disposition and follow the soul’s reasoning. The Laws excerpt considers how bodies become accustomed to food, drink, and exertion over time; changing an established regimen disturbs them. The first passage concerns the arrangement of psychic powers, the second a process of bodily adaptation.

Places to read

1. I.49.4.2An equal disposition of desire and spirit produces justice.
2. I.47.7.2Repeated bodily experience creates familiarity with a regimen.
3. I.5.16Diathesis names the arrangement of the stars.
4. I.49.44.1Receiving ambrosia is described as the souls’ accustomed practice.

Translation in this edition

“Disposition” renders hexis where the arrangement itself is meant. “Habit” or “habituation” must not suggest that every settled condition arises through the same mechanism.

Disposition as arrangement

Diathesis can mean an arrangement as well as a personal disposition. The Hermetic account at I.5.16 makes fate responsible for the arrangement of the stars. This use is spatial and cosmic rather than a character trait. A single English equivalent must therefore be sensitive to what is being disposed or arranged.

Custom and being accustomed

Ethos, with epsilon, means custom or habitual practice; it should be distinguished from ēthos, with eta, often rendered character. In I.49.44.1, souls are accustomed to receive ambrosia from gods. The expression reports a recurring practice within the Hermetic narrative, without necessarily naming a settled moral virtue or vice.

Use in the book

Habitual possession names content abidingly held without requiring its full exercise at every moment. It is more determinate than bare potency and differs from present actuality. Book I's contrast of potency, act, and acquired habit helps establish this vocabulary: a capacity can become a settled ability without being continuously exercised. The word does not merely mean repeated behavior.

IV.2.9 says that angel possesses all principles in possession and actuality together; soul has them in possession, while matter holds them potentially and receives forms by succession. The next passage refines this contrast by distinguishing powers within celestial soul. Its intellectual part has ideas simultaneously in actuality, while its lowest motive powers hold the seeds of generated things without bringing them all into act together. Thus the claim that soul does not have all actually must not be generalized across every faculty. The supplied English renders habitu as possession or disposition; possessione et habitu makes the stable availability of content particularly explicit. The distinction concerns how intelligible or productive contents are possessed and activated, not simply whether they are present or absent.

Further passage references. IV.2.9–IV.2.12234; apparatus; I.5.1.

Places to read

1. I.5.1Acquired power passes among potency, act, and habit while natural power endures
2. IV.2.9Angel, soul, and matter differ by actuality, habitual possession, and potency
3. IV.2.10The intellectual part possesses ideas actually; the lowest motive powers hold seeds without actualizing all together

Translation in this edition

The supplied translation renders habitu as “in possession” in IV.2.9 and as “abiding possessions” or “disposition” in IV.2.10. These are contextual renderings of the same Latin. The latter passage distinguishes the soul’s intellectual and lowest motive powers, so possession without actuality must not be applied indiscriminately to every faculty.

habitus

habitus. Printed forms: habitum; habitus.

A settled possession or habitual state. Acquired power passes from potency into act and from act into habit, with reverse transitions; habit is not mere repetition or a bodily posture. References: I.5.1. See Habitual possession.

A condition or settled possession, with local uses distinguished. Nothing has no condition of being; distinct virtue-habits sharing a soul illustrate co-presence without confusion. References: II.4.2, II.6.14. See Habitual possession.

habitus / actus / potentia

habitus / actus / potentia. Printed forms: actu; habitu; potentia.

Abiding possession, present actualization, and possibility. Angel, soul, and matter hold the principles of things in different modes; this is not merely a change in the number of principles. References: IV.2.9. See Habitual possession.

habitus — settled skill

habitus — settled skill. Printed forms: habitu.

An acquired settled disposition. The skilled artisan acts through habitu as nature acts through forms; this differs from possession opposed to privation and a sphere’s present state. References: II.13.18. See Habitual possession.

simul

simul. Printed forms: simul.

Together or at once. Abiding possession and actual simultaneity differ; body strives only approximately toward the soul's wholly simultaneous presence. References: IV.2.9, IV.2.10, IV.2.25. See Habitual possession.

voluntas / memoria

voluntas / memoria. Printed forms: memoriae; voluntatis.

Will and memory. Their stability is presented as a sign of soul’s stable essence; this is a sign within Ficino’s argument, not a claim that every act of remembering is unchanging. References: I.5.1. See Habitual possession.

The world’s many fullnesses (Greek quotation)

καὶ ἴσχει κόσμου πολλὰ πληρώματα κόλπων

Ficino glosses the Zoroastrian expression through the many fullnesses of the world’s recesses or folds. It helps explain soul’s mediation between higher gifts and lower productive powers. The unit then distinguishes Ideas held together in celestial mind from seminal powers held habitually but actualized successively; the image must not flatten that contrast.

Place. IV.2.10. See Habitual possession.

Use in the book

A distinction that organizes the book

The preface’s expansive argument already asks who escapes melancholy in habit or disposition and reports that persistent bad dispositions beget habits. It then deliberately gathers literal and metaphorical, pleasant and painful uses together. Later a single paragraph shifts the meaning of habit: passions tear people like wild horses, one in disposition and another in habit; a man then hides in an unknown habit, like someone extinguishing a candle to prevent fleas finding him. The second habit is an outward guise, not another degree of illness.

At the end of the preface, Burton marks a more serious purpose. He sets aside those metaphorically or lightly mad, or merely in disposition, to anatomize melancholy as a habit or disease properly understood. The medical catalogue lists habit/disposition among several distinctions before choosing body and mind as its working division. The later dedicated definition makes disposition temporary melancholy that comes and goes at small occasions of distress, and habit the chronic or settled disease he intends to examine.

Duration does not mean uninterrupted misery. In the definition Burton permits pleasant as well as painful established melancholy. Much later, the consolatory chapter says even longstanding habit can have lucid intervals, with the sufferer sometimes well and sometimes ill; recent disposition is called commonly pleasant and capable of relief. This is not a clean equation between habit and incurability or between disposition and sadness. His disease categories remain historical and broader than a single modern diagnosis.

The same contrast returns when Burton says that no scale of degrees or geometrical proportions can exhaust individual variation. Habit and disposition name different degrees of establishment, but neither the eighth degree nor the elaborate ratios constitute a clinical measuring system. Nor are fear and sorrow universal tests of either state: after Montaltus calls prolonged fear and sorrow signs of present and habituated melancholy, Burton immediately endorses objections and describes people who remain pleasantly disposed. Elsewhere a pleasant disposition may alternate with severe melancholy soon afterwards.

Becoming established

The transition from disposition to habit is developed through examples, not only asserted as a definition. Passing disturbances may become established when repeated or neglected. The comparison with catarrhal discharge moves from a single cough-producing flow to persistent wasting illness. Different constitutions and powers of resistance explain unequal responses, and the following imprisoned-debtor image makes one disturbance an opening for others. Burton’s language can blame insufficient patience, but his account also gives bodily vulnerability substantial explanatory work.

Repeated slight disturbances penetrate the mind like drops wearing into stone and eventually produce a habit of melancholy. The modern phrase “established disposition” here still means a settled condition: the adjective matters. In the anger discussion, the disposition becomes habit by degrees, and Burton’s comparison between anger and madness is specifically limited to the time of the fit. Its age and gender generalizations belong to the historical account reported from Lucian, not to modern clinical rules.

Accumulation can overcome strength as well as reveal weakness. When several small causes concur, Burton says they may batter a strong constitution, comparing them with sand sinking a ship and drops making a flood. Hereditary dispositions add another route: the inheritance discussion distinguishes bodily build from manners and mental conditions, and Mercado is credited with melancholy or madness emerging after a delay and then remaining as an incurable habit. These are particular historical claims about inheritance and prognosis, not meanings automatically contained in habit or disposition.

Loss supplies another example. After the Juvenalian line about genuine tears for lost money, Burton says loss often causes habitual melancholy and reports Guaineri on repeatedly dwelling upon lost friends and possessions. The margin gives children where the English gives friends. Platter’s account then describes repeated dispositions producing habit; its margin prints “always,” stronger than the body’s claim. Both differences remain. The prognosis calls habituated melancholy difficult or impossible to cure, then records Paracelsus’s opposing general claim and his exception for hereditary diseases. These are competing historical judgments, not the lexicon’s prognosis.

Habituation can make a pleasurable activity difficult to leave. The solitary thinker becomes accustomed to empty meditations until a distressing object changes the scene and company becomes intolerable. A later account allows such pleasure to last many years through a strong constitution or intervening business before the injured imagination works compulsively and fear succeeds delight. Gaming supplies a clearer repeated-practice sense: the habit of gambling is compared to an itch, reinforced by companions who draw the player back. In the sexual-misconduct discussion, bad company similarly emboldens those initially modest until they acquire an ill habit.

Habituation can also serve recovery. The love-melancholy treatment seeks to divert the sufferer until accustomed to another course; the next paragraph cautions that the same music or entertainment helps one person and worsens another. The word therefore marks establishment in a course, without itself determining whether that course is harmful or helpful.

The word also carries an argument about the limits of advice. Burton recommends resisting even habituated imaginings by reason and deliberate counter-habituation. The sufferer answers that counsel is easy for outsiders: entrenched courses belong to blood, brain and the whole constitution, so resistance seems impossible. Burton’s reply is that the sufferer may correct himself in some sort, not that every bodily impairment disappears by will. His ensuing anecdote and forceful reassurances remain historical therapeutic rhetoric. A parallel objection appears in the treatment of despair: doing evil out of habit seems to make repentance useless, but Burton answers through Chrysostom by urging renewed repentance after renewed failure. The complaints and replies must remain separate voices.

Bodies, understanding and moral powers

Habit as bodily condition appears in Labeo’s definition of disease reported through Aulus Gellius: an unhealthy condition contrary to nature that hinders the body’s use. Excessive purging can produce an ill habit even in someone strong enough to endure medicine; the apothecary-shop comparison criticizes incessant treatment. Later “habit of body” determines how much blood the patient is thought able to spare, with strength, weakness, fullness and depletion specified. These passages concern constitution or state, not merely a repeated action, and they do not authorize the historical treatments.

The bodily sense has wider work to do. Habit can mean build or conformation in the inheritance account; Latin corporis habitum similarly names bodily build. Bene habiti describes parents in good condition within Fernel’s restrictive reproductive proposal. An ill disposition or malum habitum is an unhealthy state allegedly caused by impure water; an evil habit explains cachexia in the love-sickness account. Conversely, the Aretaeus-associated pristinum habitum is the former state of health to be recovered. Burton also rejects urine as a reliable chronic sign because it varies with bodily habits and circumstances. None of these uses means a repeated action or makes bad condition a moral fault.

Disposition can be a susceptibility or the condition through which a cause acts. Envy and malice are said to cause melancholy especially in bodies otherwise disposed to it; imagination’s effect varies with prepared humours and an ill- or well-disposed constitution. The soul works through organs that may themselves be ill disposed. Fracastorius separately names bodily disposition and the occasion of imagination as explanations of false bodily notions; for unusual speech, other authors appeal to the humour’s ill disposition, whereas Burton prefers evil spirits exploiting corrupted humours. These are different explanatory positions, not a single settled causal doctrine. The despair discussion likewise distinguishes a disordered bodily temper and a body predisposed by melancholy from moral guilt: sensitive consciences may be terrified by unreflective or mistaken readings of Scripture.

The adjective’s object matters. Ill disposed to mirth means not inclined to joy in Fracastorius’s coldness explanation, which Burton rejects as insufficient; the Latin indispositi carries that negative inclination. Ill disposed can instead mean wicked of an action, unfaithful in a sexual accusation, or adversely constituted of a temperament. In the account of unmarried women Burton recommends coercive restraint for some, then explicitly distinguishes virtuous women whose inborn constitution, he says, defeats their efforts to resist. His class and sex generalizations and treatments belong to the historical argument. A soft quiet disposition is a gentle character vulnerable to scoffers; a well-disposed mind interprets uncertain conduct charitably; a rigid disposition belongs to preachers offering judgment without mercy.

In the account of understanding, being in habit differs from being in act: a capacity is possessed rather than presently exercised. Habits are durable illuminations and notions available for use. The list distinguishes some innate powers from others acquired through teaching, learning and use. Burton then contrasts Plato’s universal innateness claim with an Aristotelian five-habit scheme and attempts to reconcile the lists. The printed five-habit account is compressed and defective; the supplied edition adds art and its end of making, supported in its note by an earlier witness, while leaving other omissions and the reconciliation visible. The lexicon has not independently collated that witness. Synderesis is expressly called an innate habit. Acquired intellectual capacity is one important use, but cannot define every intellectual habit.

The account of will calls virtue and vice its principal habits. Love of God is later defined, on Aquinas’s authority, as a habit infused by God, inclining a person towards love of God and neighbour. The Latin margin likewise uses Habitus for that disposition; the printed Aquinas locator is retained even though the editorial note points to a different relevant division. Habits here are capacities or settled orientations, including good ones, not inherently diseases or vices.

Moral habits include both cultivated vice and genuine good. In the will-account, art, training and custom acquire bad habits that are allowed to dominate; the later division into virtue and vice does not make every habit corrupt. Honourable love is also an infused habit from God, amid genuine wisdom and worth that neither deceive nor compel. Charity includes virtuous habits such as piety, goodwill and friendship. Raging lust is expressly denied the status of a virtuous habit and called a violent perturbation instead. The lexical family therefore crosses distinctions between nature, acquisition, grace and disorder.

Disposition can itself be enduring. Cotta’s reported boast that prosperity and adversity could not alter his disposition means character, not a momentary mood. The editorial note warns that Burton stops before the speech’s subsequent admission of present collapse; the boast should not be turned into the complete source’s conclusion. In ordinary verbal uses Burton has “disposed of” the symptoms by arranging them, and is “not now disposed” to disclose his last jealousy remedy: not inclined or willing.

Other dispositions are social preferences or moods. Burton’s isolated country gentleman seeks companions of a compatible disposition; his dietary counsel permits following one’s disposition and appetite in some things, with individual experience deciding between conflicting regimens. A gently disposed nobleman exemplifies true courtesy in a passage whose contrast with peasants is openly hostile. Disposition also shapes interpretation: bad dispositions breed suspicious readings, while charitable ones put the best construction on events. The phrase merrily disposed must be read locally: Cupid and Death are in a merry mood when they exchange arrows, whereas merily disposed in Aristaenetus is a euphemism for sexual activity, made explicit in the margin.

Clothing and an assumed form

The clothing sense begins before the prose. The frontispiece explanation shows the author in the habit he wears, separates visible portrait from inward mind, and says the printer insisted on the image. In the preface, assuming Democritus’s habit becomes a literary costume that permits freer speech. Burton later distinguishes speaking in another person’s assumed habit from being that person, invoking the borrowed voices of his cento. The theatre analogy also lets actors change habits, while the fable of golden exteriors exposes gods who judge a man ex habitu, by his dress. Petrarch’s variantur habitus and Burton’s English habits then contrast changing clothing with unchanged vice.

Dress may represent a condition or conceal it. The Muses wear mourning dress in the patronage polemic; fine outward habit wins false social precedence in the wealth discussion. Dürer’s neglected habit belongs to melancholy’s visible portrait, yet Burton immediately contrasts apparent foolishness with intellectual depth. The neglected habit in the seduction warning is instead staged misery. Seneca’s habitu names conspicuous ascetic dress to be avoided, whereas Apuleius’s habitu secura gives personified poverty a secure bearing. Religious habits can be ordinary robes that Burton calls morally indifferent, or exorcists’ prodigious costumes that he rejects. Habit also extends to the outward appearance of ceremonies in a polemical comparison between religions, without proving a chain of transmission.

Sabinus’s Bavarian widower story uses “in her habit” for the dead wife’s apparent form, assumed by the Devil. The continuation claims a chain of trustworthy testimony, then describes the apparition’s disappearance after the man breaks his promise; that claimed evidence remains part of a reported story, not verification of supernatural events. A quite ordinary clothing sense appears in the lover’s indiscriminate admiration of every dress and gesture, continued by a verse about a thousand adornments.

Other assumed habits carry different kinds of claim. Menippus’s fair gentlewoman is an apparition in Philostratus’s narrative; the market-girl disguise in John Maior’s monk story remains expressly uncertain, though Burton thinks it illustrative. Achilles’s woman’s habit belongs to an attempt to evade a prophecy; a jealous husband’s disguised habit is a test of his own wife. Neptune’s impersonation is mythological, and the Martin Guerre example reverses the historical roles according to the supplied note. The Jesuit costumes occur in a polemical accusation, with the wardrobe allegation explicitly conditioned on believing reports. These are routes to the form-and-disguise sense, not interchangeable testimony that the stories happened.

The monk cured by “altering his habit, and course of life” leaves clothing and manner of life close together. It is reasonable to retain their overlap rather than force habit into only one meaning. Burton next contrasts reported cures by medicine alone with his general insistence that medicine and counsel must cooperate. The clothing change should therefore not become an isolated treatment recommendation detached from that argument.

Related verbs and Latin arrangements

Dispose and its Latin relatives extend beyond personal temperament. Burton disposes borrowed material in composing his book, and the imagined commonwealth has conduits placed, trades located and judges distributed. Patrons dispose of church livings by granting them; settling a household before death prevents quarrels. At the end of the First Partition, human beings can dispose of goods and bodies, but God alone knows the soul’s outcome, so judgment should be charitable. God also disposeth elementary bodies through heaven as his instrument in the Cajetan passage. Latin dispositio can be an arrangement of stars or bodily parts, while dispositio divina is divine order in a Cyprian quotation applied to marriage. Disposuit arranges mirrors or hair, or stations armed men; disposita and dispositis describe mirrors and dance formations already arranged. Disponebat means planned in the marginal account of deceitful subversion under religion’s appearance; its agent is apparently the Devil. The word family does not itself determine whether an order is physical, literary, moral or providential.

Related entries

Melancholy; Counterfeit; Tires and weeds; Complexion and temperament; Understanding; Will; Custom; Virtue; Vice; Disease (future article); Regimen (future article); Appetite; Charity (future article); Despair; Clothing (future article); Order (future article)

Places to read

1. · paragraph 11–13, unnumbered preliminary matter: The author’s visible clothing and portrait distinguished from his inward mind
2. · paragraph 9–11: The assumed Democritus costume and the freedom of borrowed speech
3. · paragraph 11–13: Burton’s unfamiliar disguise and qualified identification with Democritus
4. · paragraph 2–4: Borrowed material arranged in a new composition
5. · paragraph 6–8: Persistent dispositions becoming habits in the expansive account of melancholy and folly
6. · paragraph 2–5: Changing theatrical costumes and the fable of judging by dress
7. · paragraph 7–9: Petrarch’s changing clothes contrasted with unchanged vice
8. · paragraph 19: Passing and established affliction followed by outward disguise in the same paragraph
9. · paragraph 7–9: Conduits placed in the imagined commonwealth
10. · paragraph 22–24: Trades assigned to suitable locations in the imagined commonwealth
11. · paragraph 31–33: Judges distributed across the imagined commonwealth
12. · paragraph 15–17: The transition from general folly and passing disposition to melancholy as settled disease
13. · paragraph 21–23: The author’s assumed persona and the borrowed voices of his cento
14. · paragraph 1–3: Habit as bodily state in the Labeo-associated definition of disease
15. · paragraph 9–11: Habit and disposition as one pair in the medical classification
16. · paragraph 2–3: Passing melancholy and the equivocal use of disposition
17. · paragraph 14–20: Repeated disturbances, unequal resistance, bodily vulnerability and settled melancholy
18. · paragraph 27–32: Habit versus act; innate and acquired intellectual habits, defective enumeration and synderesis
19. · paragraph 39–41: Acquired bad habits, moral action and the will’s disputed freedom
20. · paragraph 50: Virtue and vice as the principal habits of the will
21. · paragraph 5–7: God’s ordering through heaven as instrument, within the astrological discussion
22. · paragraph 21–23: Palm and forehead lines, and bodily spots, as reported signs of melancholic disposition
23. · paragraph 37–44: Bodily build, inherited tendencies and Mercado’s claim of delayed, lasting disease
24. · paragraph 18–20: Bene habiti, good condition in Fernel’s restrictive historical proposal about parents
25. · paragraph 40–42: Allegedly harmful water and an unhealthy bodily state
26. · paragraph 25–27: Excessive purging said to produce a bad bodily condition
27. · paragraph 2–4: Solitude and companions of a differing disposition
28. · paragraph 9–11: Enjoyable solitary meditation becoming entrenched and distressing
29. · paragraph 40–41: Repeated small disturbances establishing melancholy
30. · paragraph 1–4: Accumulation and the varying constitutional conditions through which imagination acts
31. · paragraph 33–34: Humoral condition and the strength of imagination’s bodily effects
32. · paragraph 1–3: Envy and malice acting especially on bodies already susceptible
33. · paragraph 29–31: Disposition becoming habit; anger compared with madness during its fit
34. · paragraph 42–43: Bad character in the accusation of pride and failure of mutual care
35. · paragraph 1: Discontent across ranks and occupations, continuing the argument about bad disposition
36. · paragraph 36–38: Covetousness called an ill habit in Budé’s reported account
37. · paragraph 33–34: Leo X’s expression and temper in Giovio’s account of unsuccessful hunting
38. · paragraph 46–48: Seneca’s warning against conspicuous ascetic dress
39. · paragraph 20–22: Patrons entrusted to grant church livings, and the accusation of corrupt patronage
40. · paragraph 22–23[sequence; printed 141]: The Muses’ figurative mourning dress in the patronage polemic
41. · paragraph 36–38[sequence; printed 143]–148 [sequence; printed 144]: Constitutional disorder and the contrast between innate and acquired causes
42. · paragraph 41–42: Outward clothes mistaken for social standing
43. · paragraph 1: The opposite condition of poverty and its effect on state of mind
44. · paragraph 35–40: Loss, repeated dispositions and settled illness; the margin’s always exceeds the English
45. · paragraph 37–38: Several small causes overcoming even a strong constitution
46. · paragraph 46: Ill-disposed bodily organs affecting the soul’s operations
47. · paragraph 49–53: Organs, bodily condition and their effect on mental action
48. · paragraph 16–18: A weak, ill-disposed part and overlapping disease categories
49. · paragraph 40–42: Fear or grief acting especially on susceptible bodies
50. · paragraph 3–5: Differing causes and the humours’ varied effects on bodily condition
51. · paragraph 17–19: Bodily constitution and the claimed unreliability of urine as a chronic sign
52. · paragraph 22–27: Present and habituated melancholy, with explicit exceptions to universal fear and sorrow
53. · paragraph 24–26: Neglected clothing in the melancholic portrait, beside inward intellectual capacity
54. · paragraph 1–3[first occurrence]: Constitutional dispositions in the disputed astrological explanation
55. · paragraph 22–26: Cheerful and reckless dispositions; competing humoral and demonic explanations
56. · paragraph 1–3: Education, custom and occupation shaping the sufferer’s imaginings
57. · paragraph 9–11: Variable persistence and intensity; habit/disposition distinguished without an exact scale
58. · paragraph 17–19: Pleasant meditation continuing for years before compulsive distress
59. · paragraph 29: Burton’s arrangement of the symptoms he has described
60. · paragraph 7–9: A pleasant disposition alternating with severe melancholy
61. · paragraph 7–10: Coercive advice contrasted with the qualification about virtuous women unable to resist
62. · paragraph 19–21: Indisposition to joy in Fracastorius’s coldness account, which Burton finds insufficient
63. · paragraph 2–4: Bodily disposition distinguished from an occasion supplied by imagination
64. · paragraph 3–4: The humour’s ill condition in a disputed explanation of unusual speech
65. · paragraph 8–10: Habituated disease and conflicting claims about curability
66. · paragraph 19–21: A frenzied state in the historical prognosis
67. · paragraph 21–23: Human disposal of property and bodies distinguished from God’s knowledge of the soul
68. · paragraph 12–14: Former health to be recovered, under the recent-illness qualification
69. · paragraph 19–21: Dietary preference, established custom and individual variation
70. · paragraph 9–12: The arrangement of stars and the attempted explanation of local differences
71. · paragraph 8–10: The disputed arrangement and motion of the heavens
72. · paragraph 9–11: God depicted in an old man’s guise, within Burton’s polemical catalogue
73. · paragraph 3–5: Gambling as an acquired habit reinforced by company
74. · paragraph 14–16: Deliberate resistance and counter-habituation in Burton’s advice
75. · paragraph 22–26: The sufferer’s bodily objection to advice and Burton’s qualified reply
76. · paragraph 14–16[sequence 296]: A gentle disposition injured by scoffers; avoidance if habituation is not possible
77. · paragraph 14–16: Kindly disposition in a class-based contrast with peasants
78. · paragraph 33–35: Personified poverty’s bearing in the Apuleius-associated margin
79. · paragraph 59: Cotta’s reported claim of stable character, with the omitted continuation noted in the edition
80. · paragraph 24–26: Established habit admitting lucid intervals, beside recent disposition
81. · paragraph 2–4: Bodily condition considered in the historical discussion of bloodletting
82. · paragraph 12–14: Regimen valued in longstanding, established disease
83. · paragraph 25–27: Honourable love and an infused habit within the account of genuine worth
84. · paragraph 16–18: Charity including good moral habits and dispositions
85. · paragraph 8–10: Arranging household affairs and inheritance to avoid later quarrels
86. · paragraph 54–58: Assumed human forms and the Menippus apparition in a transmitted narrative
87. · paragraph 1–2: The dead wife’s assumed form in Sabinus’s reported story
88. · paragraph 20–22: Lust denied the name of a virtuous habit
89. · paragraph 38–40: Mirrors arranged in the Hostius narrative
90. · paragraph 1–3: Hair arranged before a mirror in the Stratocles story
91. · paragraph 61–63: Merily disposed as sexual euphemism in Aristaenetus
92. · paragraph 40–42: Cyprian’s clothing title and the contrast between outward and moral adornment
93. · paragraph 30–32: Achilles’s female costume in the attempt to evade prophecy
94. · paragraph 25–27: Mirrors reportedly arranged in Horace’s bedroom
95. · paragraph 28–30: The Devil’s market-girl disguise; Burton leaves the tale’s truth uncertain
96. · paragraph 51–53: Dance formations arranged in Apuleius’s description
97. · paragraph 35–37: Neglected dress as staged grief in the seduction warning
98. · paragraph 74–76: Jesuit disguises in a polemical accusation, with a conditional wardrobe report
99. · paragraph 29–31: Evil habit as poor bodily condition in the account of cachexia
100. · paragraph 81–83: The lover admiring every dress and gesture
101. · paragraph 34–36: Cupid and Death in a merry mood in the arrow-exchange fable
102. · paragraph 35–37: Habituation to another course proposed for relief, with patient-dependent effects
103. · paragraph 39–41: Habitum as condition in the marginal treatment account
104. · paragraph 53–55: Clothing in Gordonius’s historical aversion tactic
105. · paragraph 16–18: Divine ordinance in a Cyprian quotation applied to marriage
106. · paragraph 4–6: Bad dispositions said to breed bad suspicions
107. · paragraph 16–18: Neptune’s assumed appearance in a mythological example
108. · paragraph 58–60: Disposition towards sexual unfaithfulness in the accusation and its examples
109. · paragraph 72–74: Bad company fostering an acquired ill habit
110. · paragraph 16–18: A jealous husband’s disguise and surveillance
111. · paragraph 46–48: A charitable disposition interpreting uncertain conduct favourably
112. · paragraph 1–3: Women’s alleged disposition and the argument against confinement
113. · paragraph 22–24: Armed men stationed in the Eumenes narrative
114. · paragraph 26–28: Counterfeited appearance in the Martin Guerre example, whose roles Burton reverses
115. · paragraph 12–14: Burton unwilling to disclose the proposed final jealousy remedy
116. · paragraph 9–11: Love of God as a divinely infused habit
117. · paragraph 36–38: Disponebat’s planning sense in the marginal account of deceitful subversion
118. · paragraph 42–44: Changed outward religious appearance in a polemical comparison
119. · paragraph 15–17: Religious garments that Burton calls morally indifferent
120. · paragraph 21–23: Well-disposed recipients of theological arguments and the limits of persuasion
121. · paragraph 8–10: Disordered bodily constitution and impaired instruments in the account of despair
122. · paragraph 25–31: Predisposition, sensitive conscience and frightening interpretations of Scripture
123. · paragraph 34–36: Harsh preachers’ disposition and the need to join mercy with judgment
124. · paragraph 28–30: Fear altering the whole bodily state in Lemnius’s reported account
125. · paragraph 10–12: The monk’s changed habit and way of life; medicine and counsel together
126. · paragraph 33–35: Habitual wrongdoing as the sufferer’s objection, answered by renewed repentance
127. · paragraph 20–22: Exorcists’ extravagant costumes contrasted with simple reliance on Christ
128. · paragraph 13, unnumbered Table and closing notice: The unnumbered Table’s printed destination 11 for melancholy in disposition
129. , unnumbered Table and closing notice: The Table’s destination 31 for virtue/vice habits, differing from the full paragraph’s page 30

In this edition

The rendering depends on the sense and construction. The full contrast “one in disposition, another in habit” is expanded to “a passing disposition, in another an established condition,” while “an unknown habit” becomes “an unfamiliar guise” in the same paragraph. “In disposition” becomes “merely disposed that way”; “in Habit or in Disposition” becomes “established as a habit or present as a disposition”.

For bodily or settled conditions, “an ill habit” becomes “a bad bodily condition”; “an habit of Melancholy,” “an established disposition to melancholy”; “an habit,” “a settled condition”; “habitual melancholy,” “settled melancholy”; “if once it be habituated,” “once it has become established”; and “an ill habit of the body,” “an unhealthy condition of the body”. In each case the modifiers and construction supply part of the modern meaning.

For appearance and capacities, “in her habit” becomes “in her form”; “habit, gesture,” “dress and gesture”; “altering his habit,” “changing his habit”; and “intellectual habits” remains “intellectual habits”. The additional innate and infused examples prevent an exclusively acquired-capacity gloss. Disposition is not invariably transient, nor habit invariably behavioural repetition. Latin forms of verbs meaning dwell or possess are distinct from this noun and require separate interpretation.

Latin habitus and its inflections also change with context: an established condition in the Plutarch and Platter passages; a bodily state in Labeo’s definition; bodily build or state in habitum; clothing in Petrarch’s habitus and Cyprian’s habitu; bearing or temper in the Apuleius and Giovio margins. Bene habiti is a participial expression for being in good condition, not a form of the verb meaning dwell. In the dispos- family, disponit can order or affect, disposuit arrange or station, and disponebat plan; dispositio is not invariably a passing mental state. Translation sometimes reshapes the grammar, so the register distinguishes component glosses from larger phrase alignments. The unnumbered Table sends melancholy in disposition to 11 and virtue and vice as habits to 31; the latter differs from the supplied full will paragraph’s page 30. These are printed destinations, not the Table’s own pagination.

assumed habit

Printed “assumed habit” (English; phrase).

An adopted costume or persona.

Context: The preface distinguishes acting another’s part from being that person and invokes a cento’s borrowed voices; this disclaimer does not settle every passage’s speaker.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: an assumed habit and name

Modern rendering: an assumed costume and name

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated phrase; costume renders habit, while name remains a separate item

bad habits

Printed “bad habits” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: bad habits

Acquired harmful moral tendencies or settled practices.

Context: The will-account says art, training and custom acquire them within an argument about original corruption and temptation; it is not a claim that all habits are bad.

Source: original body

bene habitus

Printed “bene habiti” (Latin; phrase).

In good condition; the plural participial phrase applied to parents.

Context: Fernel’s attributed reproductive restriction coordinates good condition with health. It is an exclusionary historical proposal, not endorsement by this lexicon.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: bene habiti et sani

Modern rendering: in good condition and health

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated phrase; health represents sani, not bene habiti alone

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

contrary disposition

Printed “contrary disposition” (English; phrase).

A different or incompatible cast of mind.

Context: The social-solitude account imagines country gentlemen lacking suitable company; its alleged incompatibility of servants includes Burton’s assumption of rank.

Source: original body

Source wording: a contrary disposition

disguised habit

Printed “disguised habit” (English; phrase).

Concealing clothing or a costume.

Context: The jealous husband courts his own wife as a stranger to test her, amid escalating surveillance; the next paragraph allows no actual cause for suspicion.

Source: original body

Source wording: in some disguised habit

disponere · disponit · local use 1

Printed “disponit” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Orders or disposes; present singular of disponere.

Context: The Cajetan-attributed margin makes God the agent and heaven’s movement, light and influence the mediation.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: Deus elementaria corpora ordinat & disponit

Modern rendering: God orders and disposes bodies composed of the elements

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole subject/object/coordinated-verb construction; not a single-component translation

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disponere · disponit · local use 2

Printed “disponit” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Affects or puts into a condition; present singular of disponere.

Context: The compressed margin compares humour-effects on the body with wine. The printed singular verb after quæ is retained; the supplied translation follows the evident plural sense.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: quæ ut vinum corpus variè disponit

Modern rendering: which, like wine, affect the body in different ways

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole relative construction; body is corpus, in different ways variè, like wine ut vinum

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disponere · disposuit · local use 1

Printed “disposuit” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arranged or positioned; perfect singular of disponere.

Context: Seneca’s Hostius story describes the positioning of mirrors for sexual viewing; Burton condenses the story and supplies moral condemnation.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: specula fecit, & ita disposuit, ut

Modern rendering: had mirrors made and arranged so that

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole combined verbal and purpose construction; mirrors is specula, made fecit, arranged disposuit, so that ita... ut

disponere · disposuit · local use 2

Printed “disposuit” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arranged; perfect singular of disponere.

Context: The marginal account of Stratocles concerns hair before a mirror, while Burton’s body says curled; the two textual layers differ.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: Comasque ad speculum disposuit

Modern rendering: And he arranged his hair before a mirror

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole clause; he and his express the understood subject and possession

Supplied words: he; his

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disponere · disposita

Printed “disposita” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arranged or positioned; neuter plural participle.

Context: The Suetonius-associated note alleges mirrors in Horace’s bedroom, explicitly marking the tale as reported.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: specula dicitur habuisse disposita

Modern rendering: he is said to have arranged mirrors

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole reported indirect construction; is said represents dicitur and have habuisse

Supplied words: he (the understood Latin subject made explicit)

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disponere · dispositis

Printed “dispositis” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arranged or ordered; plural participle.

Context: The Apuleius margin describes dance formations; Burton’s English galliard recasts a Pyrrhic dance rather than supplying a word-for-word equivalent.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: dispositis ordinationibus

Modern rendering: in arranged formations

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole ablative phrase; formations corresponds to ordinationibus and in supplies the construction

Supplied words: in

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disponere · Disposuit

Printed “Disposuit” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Stationed or placed; perfect singular of disponere.

Context: Perseus stations armed men to attack Eumenes in the reported succession narrative.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: Disposuit armatos

Modern rendering: He stationed armed men

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole verb/object clause; armed men is armatos and He supplies the understood subject

Supplied words: He

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disponere · disponebat

Printed “disponebat” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Was planning or intending; imperfect of disponere.

Context: The marginal agent is apparently the Devil, as the supplied editor notes; the plan is deceitful subversion under religion’s appearance within Burton’s confessional polemic.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: sub specie religionis fraudulenter subvertere disponebat

Modern rendering: he planned to overthrow it deceitfully under the appearance of religion

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole adverbial/infinitive/finite-verb construction; planned corresponds to disponebat and he/it make the understood references explicit

Supplied words: he; it

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

dispose · local use 1

Printed “dispose” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: dispose

Arrange or put into an order.

Context: Burton says he redisposes acknowledged borrowings, comparing composition with digestion; the claim concerns method rather than creating every item from nothing.

Source: original body

dispose · disposed · local use 1

Printed “disposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Placed or situated.

Context: Burton’s imagined commonwealth distributes clean-water conduits through each town; aptly supplies suitability.

Source: original body

Source wording: aptly disposed in each town

dispose · disposed · local use 2

Printed “disposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Located or allocated to places.

Context: The proposed town separates fire, water and offensive-smelling trades to reduce danger and nuisance.

Source: original body

Source wording: so aptly disposed

dispose · disposed · local use 3

Printed “disposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Distributed or stationed throughout an area.

Context: Burton proposes judges and officers across provinces, villages and cities, with three on a bench and rotating service.

Source: original body

Source wording: aptly disposed

dispose · disposeth

Printed “disposeth” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Orders or directs.

Context: Burton concludes with Cajetan that God governs elementary bodies through heaven as his instrument; the preceding paragraph resists simple stellar compulsion.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: governs and disposeth

Modern rendering: governs and orders

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated verb phrase; governs remains separate

dispose · disposed · local use 4

Printed “disposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Predisposed or susceptible.

Context: Guaineri’s reported claim says envy and malice cause melancholy especially when the body is already susceptible; especially is not an exclusive condition.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: their bodies be otherwise disposed to Melancholy

Modern rendering: people whose bodies are otherwise predisposed to melancholy

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole subject/predicate construction, with people made explicit in modern wording

Supplied words: people

dispose · local use 2

Printed “dispose” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Grant or assign.

Context: Patrons are entrusted to give church livings for the Church’s good; Burton accuses them of instead selling access for private gain.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: dispose of such Livings

Modern rendering: grant such church livings

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole verb/object construction; church is explanatory specification of livings

Supplied words: church

dispose · disposed · local use 5

Printed “disposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Constituted or conditioned.

Context: The soul’s actions depend on the condition of bodily organs, illustrated by torch-material and the wine-cask; the subject is functional mediation.

Source: original body

Source wording: as her organs are disposed

dispose · local use 3

Printed “dispose” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Shape or direct a person’s disposition.

Context: The humour impresses objects corresponding to occupations, training and ordinary activities; the king-and-pope examples then illustrate the particular content.

Source: original body

Source wording: dispose men according to their severall studies and callings

dispose · local use 4

Printed “dispose” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Determine the handling or disposition of.

Context: Burton limits human jurisdiction to goods and bodies while reserving the soul’s outcome to God and urging charitable judgment.

Source: original body

Source wording: of their goods and bodies, we can dispose

dispose · disposing

Printed “disposing” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arranging or settling affairs.

Context: Failure to settle the household and inheritance produces quarrels after death in Burton’s attack on hoarding.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: for want of disposing our houshold, and setting things in order

Modern rendering: by failing to arrange our household affairs and set things in order

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole failure/coordination construction; affairs makes the household-business sense explicit

Supplied words: affairs

disposed · local use 1

Printed “disposed” (English; word).

Meaning: Arranged or organized.

Here: Arranged or organized material in the exposition.

Context: Burton describes his symptom catalogue and rejects combining all signs into one person.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: I have disposed of them as I could

Modern rendering: I have arranged them as best I could

Alignment convention

Supplied words: best

Alignment convention

disposed · local use 2

Printed “disposed” (English; word).

Meaning: Inclined or willing.

Here: Inclined or willing, explicitly negated of Burton’s readiness to reveal a remedy.

Context: Burton conspicuously withholds the supposed remedy without identifying it.

Source: original body

Source wording: I am not now disposed to tell it

dispositio · Dispositio

Printed “Dispositio” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Condition or constitution.

Context: Fracastorius’s first explanation of bodily delusions concerns bodily disposition, separately from the occasion of imagination; the next explanation of imagined rank is Laurentius’s.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: Dispositio corporis

Modern rendering: The disposition of the body

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole genitive phrase; of the body is corporis

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

dispositio · local use 1

Printed “dispositio” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Placement or arrangement.

Context: Scaliger’s reported question contrasts apparently haphazard stars with orderly natural structures; Epicurus’s fortuitous explanation is attributed separately.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: temeraria syderum dispositio

Modern rendering: haphazard arrangement of the stars

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase; haphazard is temeraria, of the stars syderum

dispositio · local use 2

Printed “dispositio” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arrangement.

Context: The same comparison uses an orderly human body against apparent celestial irregularity; Burton later rejects the proposed explanation.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: prudens partium dispositio

Modern rendering: a wise arrangement of parts

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase; wise is prudens, of parts partium

dispositio · dispositionem

Printed “dispositionem” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Arrangement; accusative of dispositio.

Context: The geocentric arrangement is called disorderly in the reported challenge; the question is part of an astronomical controversy, not a settled diagram.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: inordinatam cœli dispositionem

Modern rendering: a disorderly arrangement of heaven

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase; disorderly is inordinatam and of heaven cœli

dispositio · local use 3

Printed “dispositio” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Condition or state.

Context: The Avicenna-associated margin makes adustion a condition for purging; reached belongs to venerit and is not the noun’s intrinsic meaning.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: ejus dispositio venerit ad adust. humoris

Modern rendering: his condition has reached the burning of the humour

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole clause; the abbreviated adust. remains unexpanded in the original attestation

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

dispositio · dispositio divina

Printed “dispositio divina” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: phrase.

Printed form, Source wording, Original wording: dispositio divina

Divine ordering or ordinance.

Context: Burton applies a Cyprian-attributed principle to marriage and celibacy; the supplied note distinguishes its original schism context without claiming new collation here.

Source: original body

Modern rendering: the divine order

Alignment convention

Alignment convention

dispositio · dispositione

Printed “dispositione” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

A less settled state; ablative of dispositio.

Context: The Platter-associated margin contrasts disposition with habit after prolonged grief, and prints semper, always, in its wider causal claim.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: à dispositione fit habitus

Modern rendering: a disposition becomes an established condition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole change-of-state construction; becomes is fit and established condition habitus

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

disposition · Disposition

Printed “Disposition” (English; word).

Meaning: A passing or less settled state of melancholy.

Here: Passing melancholy that comes and goes, contrasted locally with habit.

Context: Burton’s explicit definition; not a universal meaning of disposition.

Source: original body

Source wording: either in Disposition, or Habit

disposition · local use 1

Printed “disposition” (English; word).

Meaning: A less settled state or tendency.

Here: A less settled state that develops into enduring illness.

Context: Burton’s Lucian-based anger example; the following anger/madness comparison is limited to the fit.

Source: original body

Source wording: From a disposition they proceed to an habit

disposition · local use 2

Printed “disposition” (English; word).

Meaning: Character or cast of mind.

Here: Enduring character or cast of mind, claimed resistant to changing fortune.

Context: Cotta’s speech as excerpted by Burton; the editor notes the omitted subsequent qualification.

Source: original body

Source wording: prosperity or adversity could never alter my disposition

disposition · local use 3

Printed “disposition” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Meaning: Character or cast of mind.

Here: Character or cast of mind, here condemned as unkind or morally vicious through the surrounding bad and dogged.

Context: Burton’s accusation links pride, refusal of help and oppression with shared discontent; it is not a neutral constitutional diagnosis.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: so dogged, of so bad a disposition

Modern rendering: stubborn and ill-disposed

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: combined adjective and disposition construction is compressed in the modern wording; stubborn corresponds to dogged

disposition · local use 4

Printed “disposition” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Condition or characteristic constitution.

Context: Montaltus attributes effects to the humour and the affected person, as part of a disagreement with other explanations.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: the quality and disposition of the humour and subject

Modern rendering: the quality and disposition of the humour and the person affected

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated/genitive phrase; subject is expanded to the person affected

disposition · local use 5

Printed “disposition” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Inclination or preference.

Context: Burton endorses following accustomed diet and appetite in some things, even an occasional harmful dish especially desired; his next paragraph stresses individual difference.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: our disposition and appetite

Modern rendering: our inclination and appetite

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated phrase; appetite is distinct

disposition · local use 6

Printed “disposition” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Characteristic inclination.

Context: The Aeneas Sylvius passage, endorsed by Burton, claims women desire forbidden things and argues against confinement; it remains a gendered historical generalization.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: of such a disposition

Modern rendering: so disposed

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: construction-level adjective/noun to participial paraphrase; the tendency is specified in the following clause

dispositions · local use 1

Printed “dispositions” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Constitutional casts or inclinations.

Context: Zara and other astrological authors connect variety with celestial influences; the following paragraph records Mercurialis’s dissent.

Source: original body

Locator qualification: Do not remove bracketed or repeated-page qualifier.

Source wording, Original wording: variety of wits and dispositions

Modern rendering: varieties of intellect and disposition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole paired construction; intellect corresponds to wits

dispositions · local use 2

Printed “dispositions” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Repeated less settled states.

Context: Platter’s attributed account describes grief after material loss becoming established through repetition; the margin’s always is stronger than Burton’s body.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: out of many dispositions, procureth an habit

Modern rendering: repeated dispositions produce an established condition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole causal construction; established condition represents habit, not dispositions

evil habit

Printed “evil habit” (English; phrase).

A poor bodily condition.

Context: The English phrase explains Cacexia in the Pratensis-related account of wasting from disturbed spirits and impaired nourishment. Evil here concerns bodily state, not vice.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: a Cacexia or an evil habit

Modern rendering: cachexia, or a poor bodily condition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole alternative; the two expressions are presented as explaining the same condition

furiously disposed

Printed “furiously disposed” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: furiously disposed

In a frenzied state or inclination.

Context: The prognosis uses severe fatalistic rhetoric but retains a divine-intervention exception; the later close urges charity about the dead. These are historical claims, not present clinical predictions.

Source: original body

gently disposed

Printed “gently disposed” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: gently disposed

Kindly or courteous in character.

Context: The alleged gentleman retains true gentility only conditionally; the surrounding comparison with peasants is Burton’s class-based hostility.

Source: original body

habit · local use 1

Printed “habit” (English; word).

Meaning: An established or settled condition.

Here: A fixed, enduring illness, allowed to be pleasant or painful.

Context: Burton’s distinction from transient fits; difficulty of removal does not imply absence of intervals.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: is an habit, morbus sonticus, or Chronicus

Modern rendering: is an established condition, a serious or chronic illness

Word and construction: Habit supplies established condition; the Latin disease expressions supply serious or chronic illness.

Alignment convention

habit · local use 2

Printed “habit” (English; word).

Meaning: Clothing or attire.

Here: Clothing or attire, admired with every other aspect of the beloved.

Context: Burton’s representation of the lover’s indiscriminate praise.

Source: original body

Source wording: habit, gesture

habit · local use 3

Printed “habit” (English; word).

Meaning: Clothing or mode of life, with an overlap left open in this passage.

Here: The monk’s clothing or mode of life, with an overlap the immediate context leaves open.

Context: Reported cure attributed to Bellovacus; followed by Burton’s general preference for medicine and counsel together.

Source: original body

Source wording: altering his habit, and course of life

habit · local use 4

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Clothing or attire.

Context: The title-frontispiece explanation presents the author in his actual clothing, distinguishes visible likeness from mind, and assigns the portrait to the printer’s insistence in the continuation.

Source: original body

Locator qualification: Source record identifies these leaves as unnumbered; plain numerical passage labels are scan numbers.

Source wording: that habit which he wears

habit · local use 5

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Costume or assumed authorial guise.

Context: Burton questions his right to take Democritus’s guise and professes inferiority; this is a literary personation, not a bodily condition.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: usurp his habit

Modern rendering: assume his costume

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole verb/object phrase; assume translates usurp and costume translates habit

habit · local use 6

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Bodily build or conformation.

Context: The inheritance discussion says resemblance appears less in bodily structure than in character and mental conditions; it does not deny bodily inheritance.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: in habit, proportion, scarres

Modern rendering: in build, proportions, scars

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated list; build corresponds to habit

habit · local use 7

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Outward guise or representation.

Context: Burton attacks anthropomorphic representations of God alongside other religious claims; the old-man form is a depicted likeness.

Source: original body

Source wording: in the habit of an old man

habit · an habit

Printed “an habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: phrase.

An established condition.

Context: Laurentius is credited with preferring regimen over costly medicines in longstanding diseases; Burton explains regimen more broadly than food and drink.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: gotten the upper hand or an habit

Modern rendering: gained the upper hand or become established

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated predicate; the modern verbal phrase expands the nominal habit

habit · local use 8

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Apparent form or outward guise.

Context: The Menippus narrative is attributed to Philostratus; the beautiful gentlewoman is exposed as an apparition, so appearance is not authenticated identity.

Source: original body

Source wording: in the habit of a fair gentlewoman

habit · local use 9

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Disguise or assumed outward appearance.

Context: The Devil appears as a market girl in John Maior’s reported temptation story. Burton expressly leaves its truth unsettled in the continuation.

Source: original body

Source wording: in the habit of a young market wench

habit · local use 10

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Appearance or assumed form.

Context: Neptune takes the husband’s likeness in Burton’s mythological example; the supplied note leaves the printed names and exact intermediary unresolved.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: counterfeited her husbands habit

Modern rendering: assumed her husband’s appearance

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole verb/object phrase; assumed translates counterfeited

habit · local use 11

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Personal appearance or assumed identity.

Context: The phrase concerns impersonation in the Martin Guerre story; Burton reverses the historical roles according to the supplied apparatus, and the original names must not be silently corrected.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: counterfeited his habit

Modern rendering: impersonating him

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole verb/object phrase rendered as impersonation, not a component-only equation

habit · local use 12

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Outward form or appearance.

Context: Burton’s polemical comparison alleges religious practices persist with external changes; it does not establish a historical transmission.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: the name, time and place, habit onely altered

Modern rendering: with only the name, time, place and outward appearance changed

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated phrase; appearance corresponds to habit

habit · local use 13

Printed “habit” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

An ingrained or recurrent practice.

Context: The despairing speaker objects that repeated sin makes repentance pointless; Burton replies through Chrysostom that repeated falling calls for repeated repentance.

Source: original body

Source wording: to do evil out of an habit

habit and disposition

Printed “in disposition, another in habit” (English; family).

Contrast between a passing state and an established condition.

Context: Burton’s passions-as-horses comparison, followed by a shift to the clothing sense.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: one in disposition, another in habit

Modern rendering: In one person the trouble is a passing disposition, in another an established condition

Alignment convention

Supplied words: person; the trouble is

Alignment convention

habit infused

Printed “habit infused” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: An imparted or infused settled disposition.

Here: An infused settled disposition; the explicit of God supplies divine agency, and the following clause describes love of God and neighbour.

Context: Aquinas-attributed account; the printed reference is qualified by the edition.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: an habit infused of God

Modern rendering: a settled disposition infused by God

Alignment convention

Supplied words: settled

Alignment convention

habit of body

Printed “habit of body” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: Bodily constitution or state.

Here: The patient’s bodily constitution, specified through strength and abundance or depletion.

Context: Burton’s historical bloodletting quantity qualification.

Source: original body

Source wording: the parties habit of body

habit of gaming

Printed “habit of gaming” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: habit of gaming

An acquired, recurrent practice of gambling.

Context: Burton stresses the difficulty of stopping and the pressure of companions; the itch analogy describes persistent craving within his moral critique.

Source: original body

habit of melancholy

Printed “habit of Melancholy” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: An established melancholic condition.

Here: An established melancholic condition resulting from repeated disturbances.

Context: Burton’s rain-on-stone image; modern established disposition has enduring force.

Source: original body

Source wording: produce an habit of Melancholy at the last

habit or disposition

Printed “habit or disposition” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: Established versus less settled disease state.

Here: Established versus passing disease state, without excluding lucid intervals from the established kind.

Context: Burton’s consolation; pleasant recent illness is the printed claim.

Source: original body

Source wording: this disease is either in habit or disposition

habits · local use 1

Printed “habits” (English; word).

Meaning: Established states or conditions.

Here: Established conditions produced by persistence of initially less settled states.

Context: Burton’s opening questions and reported Plutarch claim; the next passage broadens literal and figurative disease.

Source: original body

Source wording: ill dispositions beget habits, if they persevere

habits · Habits · local use 1

Printed “Habits” (English; word).

Meaning: Enduring intellectual dispositions or notions available for use.

Here: Enduring intellectual dispositions available for use, some innate and others acquired.

Context: Burton’s explicit account distinguishes acts from habits and enumerates rival categories.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: Habits, which are durable lights and notions, which we may use when we will

Modern rendering: habits are lasting illuminations and notions that we can use when we choose

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: Whole stated construction; the relative clause which are becomes an independent clause, but the original already expresses are.

habits · Habits · local use 2

Printed “Habits” (English; word).

Meaning: Settled moral dispositions.

Here: Settled moral dispositions, including both virtue and vice.

Context: Burton’s account of will and moral philosophy; vegetative powers are excluded from voluntary command.

Source: original body

Source wording: The principal Habits are two in number, Vertue and Vice

habits · local use 2

Printed “habits” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Clothes or forms of dress.

Context: Burton’s English restatement distinguishes clothing from laws, customs and manners, while insisting that vices remain.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: language, habits, laws, customs, manners

Modern rendering: language, clothing, laws, customs, and manners

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole enumeration; clothing corresponds to habits

habits · local use 3

Printed “habits” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: habits

Bodily constitutions.

Context: Burton rejects urine as a secure chronic sign because it varies with persons, constitutions and occasions.

Source: original body

habits · local use 4

Printed “habits” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Clothes or costumes.

Context: Burton accuses Jesuits of changing clothes for sexual deception; the wardrobe detail is expressly conditional on believing reports.

Source: original body

Source wording: their own habits

habits · local use 5

Printed “habits” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Robes or garments.

Context: Burton calls academic and ecclesiastical dress morally indifferent in itself and criticizes those who refuse it.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: hoods, habits, cap and surpless

Modern rendering: Hoods, robes, caps and surplices

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole garment list; robes corresponds to habits

habitual melancholy

Printed “habitual melancholy” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: Established or lasting melancholy.

Here: Established or lasting melancholy, here attributed to loss and sustained dwelling on it.

Context: Burton and Guaineri’s reported observation; often does not mean always.

Source: original body

Source wording: often causeth habitual melancholy it self

habituate · habituated · local use 1

Printed “habituated” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Accustomed or established through repeated practice.

Context: Pleasurable solitary meditation becomes compulsive, then a distressing object changes its subjects; the continuation insists on the sufferer’s inability to resist.

Source: original body

Source wording: habituated to such vain meditations and solitary places

habituate · habituated · local use 2

Printed “habituated” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Established as a continuing condition.

Context: Montaltus’s prolonged-fear-and-sorrow criterion is immediately challenged: Burton says these are not common to every melancholic person.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: Of present melancholy, and habituated

Modern rendering: of melancholy as a present condition and as an established habit

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated classification; the second term is the indexed adjective

habituate · habituated · local use 3

Printed “habituated” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Accustomed or entrenched in an activity.

Context: Imaginative pleasure may persist for years with strong constitution or distracting business, then turn into distress; the word qualifies the fancy’s repeated work.

Source: original body

Source wording: habituated to such toyes

habituate · habituated · local use 4

Printed “habituated” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Accustomed through repetition.

Context: Burton still recommends resistance and counter-habituation, invoking Cicero and Plutarch; this is followed by a sufferer’s objection to the feasibility of such advice.

Source: original body

Source wording: habituated unto such phantastical imaginations

habituate · habituated · local use 5

Printed “habituated” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Entrenched or accustomed in ways of thinking or acting.

Context: This is the sufferer’s objection that bodily illness prevents compliance with advice. Burton’s reply allows correction only in some measure; the objection is not his final verdict of hopelessness.

Source: original body

Source wording: habituated in these courses

habituated · local use 1

Printed “habituated” (English; word).

Meaning: Established or settled.

Here: Established as a settled disease, qualifying a difficult-cure prognosis.

Context: Galen-attributed account with stronger incurability maxims and opposing Paracelsian claims alongside it.

Source: original body

Source wording: if once it be habituated

habituated · local use 2

Printed “habituated” (English; word).

Meaning: Accustomed or established in a course.

Here: Accustomed to a new way of life or train of activity, proposed as beneficial redirection.

Context: Vives-attributed treatment; next paragraph warns that the same recreation can worsen another person’s passion.

Source: original body

Source wording: habituated into another course

habitus · Habitus

Printed “Habitus” (Latin; lemma).

Meaning: An enduring disposition or capacity.

Here: An enduring disposition, here expressly infused by God rather than acquired by practice.

Context: Latin marginal definition paired with the body’s love-of-God account.

Source: Burton-labelled marginal original quotation

Source wording, Original wording: Habitus à Deo infusus

Modern rendering: A disposition infused by God

Alignment convention

Alignment convention

Edition note: Checked against editorial translation within the attached note, not the paired modern body

habitus · local use 1

Printed “habitus” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Established states or tendencies; plural of habitus.

Context: The Plutarch-attributed margin says enduring mental affections produce bad habits. Bad belongs to pravos; the supplied apparatus leaves the exact Plutarch locus uncollated.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: pravos generant habitus

Modern rendering: produce bad habits

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole verb/object construction; generant supplies produce and pravos bad

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · local use 2

Printed “habitus” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

A state or condition.

Context: The Labeo definition is transmitted through Gellius; the printed margin is abbreviated and its full comparative source is supplied only in the editor’s note.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: Morbus est habitus contra naturam

Modern rendering: disease is a condition contrary to nature

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole clause; disease, contrary to nature and the copula are separate words, not the noun’s definition

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitu · local use 1

Printed “habitu” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Dress or outward appearance; ablative of habitus.

Context: In Calcagnini’s fable the other gods judge by costume, while Jupiter sees through the gilded exterior.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: ex habitu hominem metientes

Modern rendering: judging the man by his dress

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole participial construction; judging is metientes, the man hominem, by dress ex habitu; his is supplied

Supplied words: his

habitus · local use 3

Printed “habitus” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Clothing or forms of dress; plural of habitus.

Context: Petrarch’s attributed observation contrasts changing dress and laws with persistent vice; Burton adds his English restatement.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: variantur habitus

Modern rendering: dress changes

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole clause; changes is variantur

habitus · habitum · local use 1

Printed “habitum” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Meaning: Build or conformation; accusative of habitus.

Here: Build or conformation; corporis supplies the bodily reference in the full phrase.

Context: The Hippocrates-attributed margin contrasts visible build with gait, character and disease.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: corporis habitum

Modern rendering: bodily build

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole genitive/noun phrase; bodily is corporis

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitum · local use 2

Printed “habitum” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

A condition or state; accusative of habitus.

Context: The water margin lists harmful effects; malum supplies bad, and corporis bodily. Its compressed syntax is expanded in the supplied translation.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: malum habitum corporis

Modern rendering: a bad bodily condition

Alignment convention

Alignment convention

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitu · local use 2

Printed “habitu” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Expression or temper; ablative of habitus, shared across face and mind.

Context: Giovio’s account of Leo X contrasts rage after bad hunting with generosity after good sport. The marginal face/mind phrase is fuller than a single mood adjective.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: vultus animique habitu

Modern rendering: expression and temper

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole two-genitive construction; the modern pair distributes habitus across facial expression and mental temper

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitu · local use 3

Printed “habitu” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Dress or outward bearing; ablative of habitus.

Context: The Seneca-associated warning counsels against ostentatious austerity; manner of life is a separately coordinated term.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: in habitu tuo, aut genere vitæ

Modern rendering: in your dress or manner of life

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated construction; tuo supplies your, genere vitæ manner of life

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · local use 4

Printed “habitus” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Dress or attire.

Context: The Muses’ mourning dress personifies the debasement of learning and religion in Burton’s patronage polemic.

Source: original body

Locator qualification: Preserve sequence and printed-number distinction exactly.

Source wording, Original wording: lugubris musarum habitus

Modern rendering: the Muses’ mourning dress

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase; mourning is lugubris and Muses’ musarum

habitus · habitum · local use 3

Printed “habitum” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

A state or condition, here the former state of health.

Context: The Aretaeus-associated margin makes regimen alone sufficient if the illness is recent; the recovered state is not a disease-habit.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: ad pristinum habitum recuperandum

Modern rendering: to recover the former state of health

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole purpose phrase; former is pristinum, recover recuperandum; of health explicates the local state

Supplied words: of health

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitu · local use 4

Printed “habitu” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Bearing or outward demeanour.

Context: Personified poverty is praised in the Apuleius-associated composite margin. Secure belongs to secura; the adjective is not the noun’s meaning.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: habitu secura

Modern rendering: secure in bearing

Alignment convention

Alignment convention

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitu · local use 5

Printed “habitu” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Dress; ablative of habitus.

Context: The word occurs in the marginal title assigned to Cyprian, On the Dress of Virgins; the accompanying warning concerns adornment and roaming abroad.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: De virginali habitu

Modern rendering: On the Dress of Virgins

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole title; of Virgins renders the adjective virginali

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · habitu · local use 6

Printed “habitu” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Clothing or attire; ablative of habitus.

Context: Gordonius’s quoted aversion tactic directs an ugly old woman to wear ugly, shabby clothes and make allegations. The description is a historical prescription, not endorsed treatment.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: cum turpi & vili habitu

Modern rendering: in ugly, shabby clothes

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole prepositional noun phrase; ugly and shabby render turpi and vili

habitus · habitum · local use 4

Printed “habitum” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Condition or state; accusative of habitus.

Context: The Lemnius-associated margin attributes change of the entire body’s condition to fear, even during pleasure; the body’s English wording is shorter.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: vultum, totumque corporis habitum immutat

Modern rendering: changes his face and the entire condition of the body

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole coordinated-object and verb construction; face is vultum, entire totum, body corporis, changes immutat; his is supplied

Supplied words: his

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

habitus · local use 5

Printed “habitus” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

An established condition.

Context: The Platter-associated marginal transition follows continuing grief; its universal semper belongs to the fuller claim, not to the noun’s meaning.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: à dispositione fit habitus

Modern rendering: a disposition becomes an established condition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole change-of-state construction; dispositione supplies the initial state and fit the becoming

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

harebrain disposition

Printed “hairebraine disposition” (English; phrase).

A reckless cast of mind.

Context: The medical account associates it with adust choler and reports extreme behaviours; the claim does not describe people with present-day diagnoses generally.

Source: original body

Source wording: a more hairebraine disposition

hereditary dispositions

Printed “hereditary dispositions” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: hereditary dispositions

Constitutions or tendencies transmitted by inheritance.

Context: Montalto and the other named authorities are invoked for hereditary melancholy; the following example also adds diet, and the supplied Montalto Latin repair remains conjectural.

Source: original body

ill disposed · local use 1

Printed “ill disposed” (English; phrase).

Wicked or morally ill-directed.

Context: The phrase qualifies an action to which the Devil tempts a depraved will; it does not mean an ill organ or unwillingness.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: some ill disposed action

Modern rendering: some wicked action

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase; action is a separate noun

ill disposed · ill-disposed

Printed “ill-disposed” (English; phrase). Attestation: word form.

Disordered in constitution.

Context: Burton claims a properly chosen nurse can moderate an inherited constitution, after a polemic about mothers and nurses; the theory is historical.

Source: original body

Locator qualification: Preserve sequence and printed-number distinction exactly.

Source wording: the childes ill-disposed temperature

ill disposed · local use 2

Printed “ill disposed” (English; phrase).

Adversely inclined or constituted.

Context: Burton proposes coercive measures after milder restraint fails, but the following paragraphs distinguish those unwilling to resist from virtuous people constitutionally unable to do so.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: ill disposed temperament

Modern rendering: an ill-disposed temperament

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase; the historical coercion is context, not advice

ill disposed · local use 3

Printed “ill disposed” (English; phrase).

Inclined to sexual unfaithfulness.

Context: Burton’s generalization contrasts indiscriminate and more selective infidelity; the ship joke’s Livia attribution differs from the Julia identified in the apparatus.

Source: original body

Source wording: ill disposed at all times

ill disposed · local use 4

Printed “ill disposed” (English; phrase).

Disordered in bodily constitution.

Context: The despair discussion links bodily melancholy with fear, error and magnification, then explains impairment through tools and spirits; this is not itself an accusation of wickedness.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: ill disposed temper

Modern rendering: bodily constitution is disordered

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole noun phrase recast as a finite predicate; is is supplied

Supplied words: is

ill disposed to mirth

Printed “ill disposed to mirth” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: ill disposed to mirth

Not inclined or suited to joy.

Context: Fracastorius attributes this to cold; Burton rejects the explanation as insufficient for fear in hot adust-choler cases.

Source: original body

ill disposition · local use 1

Printed “ill disposition” (English; phrase).

An unhealthy condition.

Context: The claim about impure water is transmitted through Galen and Joubert and applies to the whole body; it is historical medical explanation.

Source: original body

Source wording: ill disposition of the whole body

ill disposition · local use 2

Printed “ill disposition” (English; phrase).

A disordered condition.

Context: Guaineri, Montalto, Pomponazzi and Lemnius give a humoral explanation of unusual speech; Burton prefers evil spirits taking advantage of impaired humours.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: ill disposition of the humour

Modern rendering: the disordered condition of the humour

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole genitive phrase; the humour is specified separately

ill dispositions

Printed “ill dispositions” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: ill dispositions

Bad moral characters or inclinations.

Context: The proverb says a bad disposition breeds bad suspicion; this is the jealous interpreter’s fault, not evidence against a spouse.

Source: original body

ill habit · local use 1

Printed “ill habit” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: An unhealthy condition.

Here: An unhealthy bodily condition; impairment of use is the following criterion in Labeo’s definition.

Context: Labeo’s definition reported through Aulus Gellius.

Source: original body

Source wording: an ill habit of the body

ill habit · local use 2

Printed “ill habit” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: An unhealthy bodily condition.

Here: Unhealthy bodily condition attributed to excessive purging.

Context: Burton reports Fuchs and qualifies the claimed harm even for strong patients.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: it brings them to an ill habit

Modern rendering: it still brings them into a bad bodily condition

Alignment convention

Supplied words: still; bodily

Alignment convention

ill habit · local use 3

Printed “ill habit” (English; phrase).

A bad settled disposition.

Context: Budé is credited with calling covetousness an incurable habit; the following apparent defence of getting wealth is a counter-position, not a redefinition.

Source: original body

Source wording: an ill habit

ill habit · local use 4

Printed “ill habit” (English; phrase).

An acquired bad moral practice or disposition.

Context: The sexual-misconduct account says companions can embolden people initially modest and afraid to transgress; it is a different sense from unhealthy bodily habit.

Source: original body

Source wording: an ill habit

ill or well disposed

Printed “ill or well disposed” (English; phrase).

In a worse or better prepared constitutional state.

Context: The constitution and prepared humours vary the force and duration of passions in Burton’s imagination–heart explanation. This disposition is bodily, not merely a chosen attitude.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: the temperature it self ill or well disposed

Modern rendering: the constitution itself is ill or well disposed

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole subject/predicate construction; is is supplied in the modern finite clause

Supplied words: is

in disposition · local use 1

Printed “in disposition” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: In a less settled tendency or state.

Here: In a tendency or temporary state, among the looser melancholy senses being set aside.

Context: Burton’s transition to the explicit medical purpose in the continuation.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: or in disposition

Modern rendering: or merely disposed that way

Alignment convention

Supplied words: merely; that way

Alignment convention

in disposition · local use 2

Printed “in disposition” (English; phrase).

As a less settled state, contrasted with an established habit.

Context: Burton’s graduated heat and ratio analogies conclude that numerical proportions cannot capture the variety; this is no clinical scale.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: in disposition, to another in habit

Modern rendering: a disposition, in another an established habit

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole contrast, with established supplied to explain the technical habit sense

Supplied words: established

in habit or in disposition

Printed “in Habit or in Disposition” (English; phrase_or_family).

Printed form, Source wording, Original wording: in Habit or in Disposition

Meaning: Established condition or less settled state, as a medical classification pair.

Here: One medical classification pair: established condition versus less settled state.

Context: Burton lists several medical divisions before choosing body and mind.

Source: original body

Modern rendering: established as a habit or present as a disposition

Alignment convention

Supplied words: established; present

Alignment convention

in habit, or in act

Printed “in Habit, or in Act” (English; phrase_or_family).

Printed form, Source wording: in Habit, or in Act

Possessed as an enduring capacity, or actively exercised.

Context: One common division of understanding, not an opposition between routine behaviour and action.

Source: original body

in her habit

Printed “in her habit” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: In her apparent form or guise.

Here: In the dead wife’s apparent form or guise.

Context: Sabinus’s reported supernatural story; not established occurrence.

Source: original body

Source wording: the Divel in her habit

Original wording: the Divel in her habit came

Modern rendering: the devil came in her form

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: Whole subject, form and verb construction; came is explicitly present in the widened original unit, not supplied.

incurable habit

Printed “incurable habit” (English; phrase).

An established condition asserted to resist cure.

Context: Mercado is credited with melancholy and madness emerging after a delay and remaining permanently; this is a particular reported hereditary prognosis.

Source: original body

Source wording: an incurable habit

indispositus

Printed “indispositi” (Latin; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Indisposed or unsuited; plural adjective.

Context: The Fracastorius-associated margin makes the cold unsuited to joy; Burton’s body contests the causal explanation.

Source: Burton note original

Source wording, Original wording: frigidi indispositi ad lætitiam

Modern rendering: the cold indisposed to joy

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole predicate construction; the cold is frigidi and to joy ad lætitiam

Edition note: checked in supplied translation of the original marginal quotation

Translation layer: Supplied editorial translation in a Burton-labelled marginal container; not original Burton English.

infused habit

Printed “infused habit” (English; phrase).

An imparted or infused disposition.

Context: The preceding genuine virtue and inward worth are described as attractive without deception or force; Burton then says this gift comes from God. The paragraph’s confused biblical references remain in the source.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: an infused habit from God

Modern rendering: a disposition infused by God

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole source phrase includes from God; divine agency belongs to that explicit complement

innate habit

Printed “innate habit” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: An inborn enduring disposition or capacity.

Here: An inborn enduring disposition, here synderesis’s preservation of moral knowledge.

Context: Burton’s definition of synderesis and its position in practical reasoning.

Source: original body

Source wording: Synteresis, or the purer part of the conscience is an innate habit

intellectual habits

Printed “intellectual habits” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: Stable intellectual capacities or dispositions.

Here: Stable intellectual capacities; five is the count attributed to Aristotle in the surrounding compressed account.

Context: Burton reports and attempts reconciliation; the edition supplies art in a defective subsequent clause.

Source: original body

Source wording: Aristotle reckons up but five intellectual habits

melancholy disposition

Printed “melancholy disposition” (English; phrase).

A melancholic constitution or tendency.

Context: Hagecius infers it from forehead lines; Porta’s adjoining spots are proposed signs, not verified diagnostics.

Source: original body

Source wording: a melancholy disposition

merily disposed

Printed “merily disposed” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording, Original wording: merily disposed

Enjoying sexual activity, by euphemism.

Context: The Aristaenetus servant sees her master and mistress together; the margin explicitly names lovemaking and embraces.

Source: original body

Modern rendering: as they were enjoying themselves

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: contextual euphemistic rendering; as they were supplies a finite construction

Supplied words: as they were (finite construction supplied)

merrily disposed

Printed “merrily disposed” (English; phrase).

In a cheerful mood.

Context: Cupid and Death exchange arrows while merry in the explanatory fable; this does not carry the sexual euphemism.

Source: original body

Source wording: being merrily disposed

neglected habit · local use 1

Printed “neglected habit” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: neglected habit

Unattended or neglected dress.

Context: Dürer’s melancholy figure supports the portrait, but Burton then opposes outward judgments of folly with claims of intellectual depth.

Source: original body

neglected habit · local use 2

Printed “neglected habit” (English; phrase).

Neglected clothing or dress.

Context: In the Castiglione-associated warning, simulated misery and neglected dress are tactics of seduction; the accusation is the quoted warning and Burton’s adoption of it.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: such a sluttish neglected habit

Modern rendering: so slovenly and neglected in their dress

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole qualified phrase; slovenly is sluttish and their is supplied

Supplied words: their

outward habit

Printed “outward habit” (English; phrase).

Visible clothing or outward dress.

Context: A person’s clothes wrongly win precedence and social credit in Burton’s satire of appearances.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: by reason of his outward habit

Modern rendering: because of the clothes he wears

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole causal phrase; modern he wears unfolds outward dress rather than giving a literal word-for-word match

Supplied words: he wears (contextual expansion of outward dress)

pleasant disposition

Printed “pleasant disposition” (English; phrase).

A cheerful temperament or state.

Context: Vega’s account explicitly allows cheerfulness and wit to be followed soon by severe melancholy; it is not a stable guarantee against distress.

Source: original body

Source wording: of a pleasant disposition

pleasantly disposed

Printed “pleasantly disposed” (English; phrase).

Cheerful in disposition.

Context: Porta is invoked within a discussion of exceptions to universal fear and sorrow; blood-dominant cases may remain cheerful despite the reported derangements.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: pleasantly disposed most part

Modern rendering: usually cheerful in disposition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole phrase including most part, translated usually

predisposed

Printed “predisposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Made susceptible in advance.

Context: Melancholy predisposes the body, while religious inclination and tender conscience intensify fear from unreflective or mistaken scriptural reading. The passage does not condemn every reading of Scripture.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: their bodies be predisposed by melancholy

Modern rendering: melancholy has predisposed their bodies

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole passive construction recast actively

prodigious habits

Printed “prodigious habits” (English; phrase).

Citation key, Printed form, Source wording: prodigious habits

Outlandish or extravagant costumes.

Context: Lemnius’s attributed instruction rejects exorcists’ elaborate trappings in favour of the apostolic invocation of Christ, followed by the best-charm claim.

Source: original body

rigid disposition

Printed “rigid disposition” (English; phrase).

A harsh or unyielding character.

Context: Burton criticizes preachers who offer judgment without mercy, in contrast to the preceding advice to join the two.

Source: original body

Source wording: of a rigid disposition themselves

soft quiet disposition

Printed “soft quiet disposition” (English; phrase).

A gentle, quiet character.

Context: Burton condemns scoffers who exploit the gentle person’s vulnerability and recommends escape if adaptation is not possible.

Source: original body

Locator qualification: Do not remove bracketed or repeated-page qualifier.

Source wording: a soft quiet disposition

Original wording: A company of scoffers and proud Jacks, are commonly conversant and attendant in such places, & able to make any man that is of a soft quiet disposition (as many times they do) ex stulto insanum, if once they humor him, a very Idiot, or stark mad.

Modern rendering: A crowd of scoffers and arrogant fellows commonly frequent and attend such places. Once they begin playing upon a gentle, quiet man’s peculiarities, they can turn him “from a fool into a madman”—as they often do—make him an utter simpleton or drive him completely mad.

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole reordered sentence aligned; gentle and quiet render soft and quiet, while the person and his peculiarities distribute the disposition and humor him constructions; no isolated noun equivalence is asserted

unknown habit · local use 1

Printed “unknown habit” (English; phrase_or_family).

Meaning: An unfamiliar outward guise or disguise.

Here: An unrecognized outward guise used to conceal identity.

Context: Burton’s candle-and-fleas analogy and borrowed titles; distinct from the preceding illness sense.

Source: original body

Source wording: an unknown habit

unknown habit · local use 2

Printed “unknown habit” (English; phrase).

An unfamiliar or concealing disguise.

Context: Burton gives greater freedom of speech as one explanation of using Democritus’s name, then turns to the pseudonymous Hippocratic encounter.

Source: original body

Source wording: an unknown habit

virtuous habit

Printed “vertuous habit” (English; phrase).

A good moral disposition.

Context: Burton denies this description of raging lust and contrasts it with violent perturbation. The Plutarch quotation has a different argumentative setting in the supplied apparatus.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: no vertuous habit

Modern rendering: no virtuous disposition

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole negated noun phrase; no is preserved rather than absorbed into the positive headword definition

virtuous habits

Printed “vertuous habits” (English; phrase).

Printed form, Source wording: vertuous habits

Good moral dispositions or capacities.

Context: Burton’s account of Christian charity includes piety, affection, goodwill and friendship, claiming that true Christian regeneration is necessary.

Source: original body

well disposed

Printed “well disposed” (English; phrase).

Meaning: Favourably inclined.

Here: Favourably inclined towards receiving the arguments; receptive in the supplied full phrase renders the separate ingenious.

Context: Burton describes readers who may receive theological arguments, while acknowledging that attempts to persuade opponents often have little effect.

Source: original body

Source wording, Original wording: ingenious and well disposed

Modern rendering: receptive, well-disposed readers

Alignment convention

Alignment scope: whole paired description; receptive renders ingenious and readers is supplied

Supplied words: readers

well-disposed

Printed “well-disposed” (English; lemma). Attestation: word form.

Charitably inclined.

Context: Burton recommends construing ambiguous events favourably instead of inferring infidelity from birth dates, likeness or conversation.

Source: original body

Source wording: a well-disposed minde

womans habit

Printed “womans habit” (English; phrase).

A woman’s clothing or female disguise.

Context: Achilles’s mother uses the disguise to evade the prophecy of his death at Troy; Burton’s example instead leads to Deidamia and their child.

Source: original body

Source wording: in a womans habit