Diotimos Library · Plato Collection · Bilingual Edition
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Facing Pages · Branch 14 of 44
Charmides · 158c–159b
Ancient Greek
p. 18ἐφάνη—καὶ γὰρ τὸ αἰσχυντηλὸν αὐτοῦ τῇ ἡλικίᾳ ἔπρεψεν— ἔπειτα καὶ οὐκ ἀγεννῶς ἀπεκρίνατο· εἶπεν γὰρ ὅτι οὐ ῥᾴδιον εἴη ἐν τῷ παρόντι οὔθ’ ὁμολογεῖν οὔτε ἐξάρνῳ εἶναι τὰ 158d ἐρωτώμενα. ἐὰν μὲν γάρ, ἦ δ’ ὅς, μὴ φῶ εἶναι σώφρων, ἅμα μὲν ἄτοπον αὐτὸν καθ’ ἑαυτοῦ τοιαῦτα λέγειν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ Κριτίαν τόνδε ψευδῆ ἐπιδείξω καὶ ἄλλους πολλούς, οἷς δοκῶ εἶναι σώφρων, ὡς ὁ τούτου λόγος· ἐὰν δ’ αὖ φῶ καὶ ἐμαυτὸν ἐπαινῶ, ἴσως ἐπαχθὲς φανεῖται. ὥστε οὐκ ἔχω ὅτι σοι ἀποκρίνωμαι.
Καὶ ἐγὼ εἶπον ὅτι μοι εἰκότα φαίνῃ λέγειν, ὦ Χαρμίδη. Καί μοι δοκεῖ, ἦν δ’ ἐγώ, κοινῇ ἂν εἴη σκεπτέον εἴτε κέκτησαι 158e εἴτε μὴ ὃ πυνθάνομαι, ἵνα μήτε σὺ ἀναγκάζῃ λέγειν ἃ μὴ βούλει, μήτ’ αὖ ἐγὼ ἀσκέπτως ἐπὶ τὴν ἰατρικὴν τρέπωμαι. εἰ οὖν σοι φίλον, ἐθέλω σκοπεῖν μετὰ σοῦ· εἰ δὲ μή, ἐᾶν.
Ἀλλὰ πάντων μάλιστα, ἔφη, φίλον· ὥστε τούτου γε ἕνεκα, ὅπῃ αὐτὸς οἴει βέλτιον σκέψασθαι, ταύτῃ σκόπει.
Τῇδε τοίνυν, ἔφην ἐγώ, δοκεῖ μοι βελτίστη εἶναι ἡ σκέψις περὶ αὐτοῦ. δῆλον γὰρ ὅτι εἴ σοι πάρεστιν σωφροσύνη, 159a ἔχεις τι περὶ αὐτῆς δοξάζειν. ἀνάγκη γάρ που ἐνοῦσαν αὐτήν, εἴπερ ἔνεστιν, αἴσθησίν τινα παρέχειν, ἐξ ἧς δόξα ἄν τίς σοι περὶ αὐτῆς εἴη ὅτι ἐστὶν καὶ ὁποῖόν τι ἡ σωφροσύνη· ἢ οὐκ οἴει;
Ἔγωγε, ἔφη, οἶμαι.
Οὐκοῦν τοῦτό γε, ἔφην, ὃ οἴει, ἐπειδήπερ ἑλληνίζειν ἐπίστασαι, κἂν εἴποις δήπου αὐτὸ ὅτι σοι φαίνεται;
Ἴσως, ἔφη.
Ἵνα τοίνυν τοπάσωμεν εἴτε σοι ἔνεστιν εἴτε μή, εἰπέ, ἦν δ’ ἐγώ, τί φῂς εἶναι σωφροσύνην κατὰ τὴν σὴν δόξαν.
159bΚαὶ ὃς τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ὤκνει τε καὶ οὐ πάνυ ἤθελεν ἀπο-
Charmides
p. 19— his bashfulness was becoming at his age — and for another, he gave an answer that did his breeding credit.1 He said that it was not easy, in the circumstances, either to agree or to deny what he had 158d been asked. “For if I say I’m not temperate,” he said, “not only is it an odd thing to say such things against oneself, but at the same time I shall be showing up Critias here as a liar, and many others too who think I am temperate, by his account. But if I say I am, and praise myself, that will probably seem obnoxious. So I don’t know what answer to give you.”
And I said, “You seem to me to be talking sense, Charmides. And it seems to me,” I said, “that we ought to look into it together, whether or not you possess 158e what I am asking about, so that you won’t be forced to say what you don’t want to, and I in turn won’t set about my doctoring without looking into things. So if you’d like, I am willing to look into it with you; if not, let’s leave it.”
“Why, I’d like nothing better,” he said. “So as far as that goes, look into it in whatever way you think best.”
“This, then,” I said, “seems to me the best way of looking into it. For it is clear that if temperance is present in you, 159a you have some opinion about it. For surely, if it really is in you, it must give rise to some sense, from which you would have some opinion about it: what it is, and what sort of thing temperance is. Don’t you think so?”
“I do,” he said.
“Well then, this opinion of yours,” I said, “since you know how to speak Greek, you could surely tell us what it seems to you to be?”2
“Perhaps,” he said.
“Then, so that we can make a guess whether it is in you or not, tell me,” I said, “what you say temperance is, in your opinion.”
159bAt first he hung back, and was not at all willing to
Socrates
Reading Charmides · Charmides · 158c–159b
Ask about a concept, passage, contradiction, or connection.
Socrates will begin with this book and its sources.About This Reading Edition
Socrates, Charmides, and Critias examine temperance, self-knowledge, and the knowledge of knowledge. The complete dialogue appears in Ancient Greek and English, aligned by the supplied edition’s facing pages and Stephanus references.
Historical Text and Translation
Greek: Plato, Charmides, in J. Burnet, ed., Platonis Opera, volume III (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903), transcribed by the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University. The supplied edition omits words marked for deletion, retains supplied words, lightly normalizes punctuation and paragraphing, and removes a stray digital numeral at 163c. The digital Greek transcription and its modifications are provided under CC BY-SA 4.0, with attribution to the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.
About Diotimos Editions
Diotimos Editions prepared this independently worded English translation in house. It aims for clear, measured English while preserving Plato’s conversational rhythm, philosophical distinctions, and the unfolding give-and-take of Socratic inquiry.
Rights
Plato's Greek source work is in the public domain. The 2026 English translation and Diotimos editorial matter are original to this edition and remain © 2026 Diotimos.