Lodestone and adamant

Use in the book

The literal magnet supplies analogies before it becomes a lover’s image. Nutrition draws food as a lodestone draws iron, within the distinction of attraction, retention and digestion. Natural philosophy then calls the stone’s attraction a form of love, alongside elemental motion and plant affinities. Other claims remain tentative or contradictory: the polar rock is a question in Burton’s imaginary journey, followed by rival explanations of compass variation. Cabeo’s reported powers include restored youth from swallowing pieces and melancholy from carrying the stone; Burton leaves experience to decide. These passages do not establish medicinal efficacy.

Magnetic language also extends to supposed action by sympathy. “Magneticall medicines” becomes “sympathetic remedies” in the account of attempted magical cures for love; Burton says such means are not permitted and calls the ensuing prescriptions absurd. Earlier weapon-salve healing is disputed by named writers, then explained through imagination and belief. Purported magnetic communication supplies a different application among secret messages, expressly rejected as false by Cabeus. These uses should not be reduced to either a physical stone or the attractive charm of a beloved.

The economic lodestone is industry. The Low Countries’ prosperity is traced to trade and work rather than fertile soil or mines, with a continuation extending the image to cultivation of barren ground. In the treatment of affection, profit and generosity become magnets commanding attachment. Eloquence, intelligence and integrity also draw favourable attention, and virtue’s enduring attraction is contrasted with youthful beauty’s fading power. The same image reaches devotional exhortation when repentance draws God’s mercy amid medical and protective metaphors.

Honourable natural love has an “adamantine” quality here meaning magnetic, explained again as “magnetique vertue”. Beauty is love’s lodestone and can supposedly draw admirers across great distances by reputation alone. Lucian’s beauty draws the spectator as an adamant draws iron; the neighbouring Medusa and basilisk comparisons supply different fabulous effects. Later, even an absent beloved draws the gaze towards her door or window.

Burton’s magnet is not uniformly an emblem of destructive passion. The hidden lodestone in a beautiful woman culminates an argument about inborn attraction, but its continuation explicitly restricts the concession to natural and chaste love. The earlier Phaedrus–Lysias example uses magnetized material to explain unequal reciprocal attraction; the supplied note distinguishes Burton’s concluding direction from Ficino’s. Natural beauty’s power is subsequently enhanced by artifice and circumstances. Being touched by love’s lodestone can mean the lover’s alternating emotions and predominant sorrow, or the acquisition of music, poetry and other accomplishments.

Hardness supplies a separate line of use. Cardano’s allegedly unlucky carried “Adamant” belongs to a list of stones, with diamond or exceptionally hard stone as its historical sense; the claimed effects remain reported beliefs. Angeriano’s Caelia is harder than adamant in the rejected lover’s Latin complaint, followed by Burton’s independently compressed English verse. Lucian’s “adamantine” attack on superstition is correspondingly unyielding.

The marriage bond makes the argumentative contrast decisive. In the twelve propositions attributed to Jacobus de Voragine, Latin “adamantinum” praises conjugal love’s unbreakable bond; Burton’s English list separately calls it “adamantine”. Burton then announces a counter-parody and turns the same enduring bond into hopeless imprisonment: there is no loosening it. The adjective’s sense stays firm while its evaluation reverses. His conclusion recognizes the competing arguments and nevertheless recommends taking the chance of marriage.

Related entries

Sympathy and antipathy: Natural attraction and repulsion, including the stone’s supposed love of iron.

Fascination: Visual attraction and theories of exchanged spirits remain distinct from the magnetic comparison.

Glass: Optical devices and sight, preserving the inherited Glass route.

Beauty: Beauty’s natural and cultivated attractive powers.

Gifts and liberality: Profit, benefaction and gifts as incentives to attachment.

Places to read

1. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraph 16Context: the Low Countries’ cities and trades.
2. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraph 17Industry as the chief lodestone drawing commerce; source span 53–54.
3. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraph 18Natural resources contrasted with prosperity.
4. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraph 19Industry, government and commerce conclude the comparison.
5. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraph 20Load-stone generalizes industry’s attraction and productive cultivation.
6. Subsection 5. The Soul and Its Faculties · paragraph 25Nutrition’s subordinate faculties introduce the analogy.
7. Subsection 5. The Soul and Its Faculties · paragraph 26Literal lodestone draws iron, compared with drawing food into the stomach.
8. Subsection 5. The Soul and Its Faculties · paragraph 27Digestion is distinguished from attraction and retention.
9. Subsection 2. The Power of Imagination · paragraph 26Imagination and expectation introduce the alleged cures.
10. Subsection 2. The Power of Imagination · paragraph 27Magnetically cured describes disputed sympathetic weapon-salve healing.
11. Subsection 2. The Power of Imagination · paragraph 28Burton invokes imagination and belief; body and marginal credulity readings differ.
12. Subsection 2. The Power of Imagination · paragraph 29Patient confidence continues the explanation.
13. Subsection 2. The Power of Imagination · paragraph 30Imagination is then said to affect other bodies as well as one’s own.
14. Subsection 7. A Collection of Other Events That Cause Melancholy: The Death of Friends, Losses, and So On · paragraph 32Context: miscellaneous historical causes of mental disturbance.
15. Subsection 7. A Collection of Other Events That Cause Melancholy: The Death of Friends, Losses, and So On · paragraph 33Adamant among allegedly unlucky carried stones; Cardano and original marginal claim.
16. Subsection 7. A Collection of Other Events That Cause Melancholy: The Death of Friends, Losses, and So On · paragraph 34Continuation returns to terrifying sights and mythic examples.
17. Member 3. Air Corrected. With a Digression on Air · paragraph 13The hawk comparison opens Burton’s playful imaginary journey.
18. Member 3. Air Corrected. With a Digression on Air · paragraph 14A supposed polar rock of lodestone is queried as an explanation of the compass.
19. Member 3. Air Corrected. With a Digression on Air · paragraph 15Competing theories of compass variation prevent treating the proposal as settled.
20. Subsection 4 Precious Stones Metals and Minerals as Alteratives · paragraph 31Reported powers of jewels precede the lodestone.
21. Subsection 4 Precious Stones Metals and Minerals as Alteratives · paragraph 32Cabeo’s contradictory opinions about rejuvenation and melancholy; experience is to decide.
22. Subsection 4 Precious Stones Metals and Minerals as Alteratives · paragraph 33Continuation returns to other supposed medicinal stones.
23. Subsection 2 Love’s Origin, Object, Definition and Divisions · paragraph 6Magnetic attraction classified as natural love in inanimate things.
24. Subsection 2 Love’s Origin, Object, Definition and Divisions · paragraph 7Plant sympathy and antipathy extend the historical explanation.
25. Member 2 Subsection 1 Human Love, Which Varies With Its Objects: The Useful, The Pleasant and the Honourable · paragraph 32Patronage and profit command affection.
26. Member 2 Subsection 1 Human Love, Which Varies With Its Objects: The Useful, The Pleasant and the Honourable · paragraph 33Profit’s lodestone and the attraction of generosity.
27. Member 2 Subsection 1 Human Love, Which Varies With Its Objects: The Useful, The Pleasant and the Honourable · paragraph 34Poetic continuation about gifts and gods.
28. Subsection 3 Honourable Objects of Love · paragraph 27Eloquence and other personal graces draw favourable attention.
29. Subsection 3 Honourable Objects of Love · paragraph 50Virtue’s enduring attraction differs from fading youthful beauty.
30. Subsection 2 How Love Tyrannizes Over Human Beings. Love, or Heroical Melancholy: Its Definition and the Part Affected · paragraph 2Adamantine means magnetic in the concession of natural honourable love.
31. Subsection 2 How Love Tyrannizes Over Human Beings. Love, or Heroical Melancholy: Its Definition and the Part Affected · paragraph 3Continuation exaggerates the alleged universality of love’s power.
32. Subsection 2 How Love Tyrannizes Over Human Beings. Love, or Heroical Melancholy: Its Definition and the Part Affected · paragraph 10Magnetique vertue names a magnetic force in the attributed Fonseca account.
33. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 28Beauty as love’s lodestone and substitute dowry.
34. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 25Beauty’s reputation draws travellers; literary and mythic illustrations.
35. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 3The preceding example challenges confidence in self-restraint.
36. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 4Adamant is a magnet; original Latin margin independently supplies adamantem.
37. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 5Plautine lover’s madness follows the magnetic and mythic comparisons.
38. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 10Ficino’s exchanged spirits introduce Phaedrus and Lysias.
39. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 11Magnetized material illustrates unequal attraction; the note preserves a directional discrepancy.
40. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 12Blindness question and hermit anecdote precede the hidden magnet.
41. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 13Hidden lodestone in a beautiful woman.
42. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 14The unattached lover seeks an unknown future beloved.
43. Member 2. Subsection 2. Other Causes of Love Melancholy: Sight; Beauty of the Face, Eyes and Other Parts; and How It Pierces Us · paragraph 15Essential qualification: natural and chaste love differs from the excessive passion.
44. Artificial Attractions of Love and Incitements to Lust Gestures Clothes Dowry and So On · paragraph 21Natural beauty’s magnetic power intensified by artifice and circumstances.
45. Artificial Attractions of Love and Incitements to Lust Gestures Clothes Dowry and So On · paragraph 22Nature and art compared through Chariclea’s unadorned beauty.
46. Subsection 5 Procurers and Love Potions as Causes · paragraph 58The preceding poetic insult frames the catalogue of secret practices.
47. Subsection 5 Procurers and Love Potions as Causes · paragraph 59Magnetical communication is explicitly rejected as false by Cabeus.
48. Subsection 5 Procurers and Love Potions as Causes · paragraph 60The catalogue turns from secret transmission to a procuring assistant.
49. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 17Mutual looking introduces the gaze catalogue.
50. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 18Adamant attracts the gaze to the beloved’s window even in her absence.
51. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 19Further literary examples of fixed attention.
52. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 50Comic uncertainty after promised marriage.
53. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 51Being touched by love’s Load-stone produces alternating actions and predominant sorrow.
54. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 52Catullus’s prayer for release, misattributed to Ovid in the margin.
55. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 23Fashion’s studied exactness introduces cultivated accomplishments.
56. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 24Love’s lodestone teaches music, poetry and other accomplishments.
57. Member 4 Subsection 1 Symptoms or Signs of Love Melancholy in Body and Mind Good and Bad Signs and So Forth · paragraph 25Mercury’s learning for Philology continues the productive account.
58. Subsection 4 Love Potions and Magical and Poetic Cures · paragraph 49Magical causation and proposed magical cure are attributed to named writers.
59. Subsection 4 Love Potions and Magical and Poetic Cures · paragraph 50Magneticall means sympathetic in an expressly disapproved remedy catalogue.
60. Subsection 4 Love Potions and Magical and Poetic Cures · paragraph 51The catalogue supplies historical aversion prescriptions, not present advice.
61. Subsection 4 Love Potions and Magical and Poetic Cures · paragraph 52The blood-remedy report differs from its cited historical parallel.
62. Subsection 4 Love Potions and Magical and Poetic Cures · paragraph 53Attributed talismanic claims continue.
63. Subsection 4 Love Potions and Magical and Poetic Cures · paragraph 54Burton turns to explicitly fabulous literary remedies.
64. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 33The rejected suitor introduces the complaint.
65. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 34Latin adamante as a hard substance in Angeriano’s catalogue.
66. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 35Burton’s separate English verse has adamants, not magnets.
67. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 36Rejected gifts continue the complaint.
68. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 20Attribution of twelve pro-marriage propositions to Jacobus de Voragine.
69. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 21Latin propositions begin with household means.
70. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 22Comfort and companionship prepare the bond maxim.
71. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 23Latin adamantinum praises the unbreakable bond.
72. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 24Latin propositions conclude with historical arguments about children and celibacy.
73. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 25Burton’s separate English list begins; the note records a printed reversal.
74. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 26English comfort and companionship propositions.
75. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 27English adamantine bond as a benefit.
76. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 28English list concludes.
77. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 29Burton expressly announces the counter-parody as an exercise.
78. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 30The first benefits are reversed.
79. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 31The companionship arguments become hostile complaints.
80. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 32The unbreakable bond now means hopeless entrapment.
81. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 33The hostile counter-list ends.
82. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 34Burton recognizes arguments on both sides and recommends taking the chance.
83. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 35Senecan invitation supplies the following poetic argument.
84. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 36Explicit recommendation to marry while able and vigorous.
85. Subsection 5 The Last and Best Cure for Love Melancholy Is to Let Lovers Have Their Desire · paragraph 37Choose a beloved: the concluding invitation continues.
86. General Symptoms: Love of Their Own Sect; Hatred of All Other Religions; Obstinacy and Ill Temper; Readiness to Undergo Any Danger or Adversity for It; Martyrs; Blind Zeal and Blind Obedience; Fasts and Vows; Belief in Incredible and Impossible Things. Particular Symptoms Among Pagans, Muslims, Jews and Christians; and Among Christians, Heretics Old and New, Schismatics, Scholastic Theologians, Prophets, Enthusiasts and So On · paragraph 11Context: representations of pagan gods.
87. General Symptoms: Love of Their Own Sect; Hatred of All Other Religions; Obstinacy and Ill Temper; Readiness to Undergo Any Danger or Adversity for It; Martyrs; Blind Zeal and Blind Obedience; Fasts and Vows; Belief in Incredible and Impossible Things. Particular Symptoms Among Pagans, Muslims, Jews and Christians; and Among Christians, Heretics Old and New, Schismatics, Scholastic Theologians, Prophets, Enthusiasts and So On · paragraph 12Charges against the gods’ moral worth.
88. General Symptoms: Love of Their Own Sect; Hatred of All Other Religions; Obstinacy and Ill Temper; Readiness to Undergo Any Danger or Adversity for It; Martyrs; Blind Zeal and Blind Obedience; Fasts and Vows; Belief in Incredible and Impossible Things. Particular Symptoms Among Pagans, Muslims, Jews and Christians; and Among Christians, Heretics Old and New, Schismatics, Scholastic Theologians, Prophets, Enthusiasts and So On · paragraph 13Human weakness further challenges divinity.
89. General Symptoms: Love of Their Own Sect; Hatred of All Other Religions; Obstinacy and Ill Temper; Readiness to Undergo Any Danger or Adversity for It; Martyrs; Blind Zeal and Blind Obedience; Fasts and Vows; Belief in Incredible and Impossible Things. Particular Symptoms Among Pagans, Muslims, Jews and Christians; and Among Christians, Heretics Old and New, Schismatics, Scholastic Theologians, Prophets, Enthusiasts and So On · paragraph 14Adamantine means unyielding in the characterization of Lucian.
90. Treatment of Despair Through Medicine, Good Counsel, Consolation, and So On · paragraph 43Repentance and trust introduce the consolation.
91. Treatment of Despair Through Medicine, Good Counsel, Consolation, and So On · paragraph 44Repentance as a lodestone attracting divine mercy.
92. Treatment of Despair Through Medicine, Good Counsel, Consolation, and So On · paragraph 45Salvation and restoration continue the devotional argument.

In this edition

“Their chiefest Lodestone” becomes “the chief magnet”, and “as an adamant doth iron” becomes “like a magnet drawing iron”. The original margin’s Latin “adamantem” also names the iron-drawing magnet; it has no separately corresponding modern-body rendering. “adamantine” becomes “magnetic”; in “magnetique vertue”, magnetic belongs to magnetique and force to vertue. In “some secret loadstone in a beautiful woman”, loadstone supplies the figurative attraction and secret supplies hidden. “Magneticall medicines” becomes “sympathetic remedies”: the adjective gives the supposed mode of action and medicines gives remedies.

“Vinculum Conjugalis charitatis adamantinum” becomes “The bond of conjugal love is unbreakable”: adamantinum contributes unbreakable, vinculum bond, and Conjugalis charitatis of conjugal love. Burton’s separate English “The band of Conjugal love is adamantine” receives the same rendering. The counter-parody retains unbreakable and adds the impossibility of loosening; its negative evaluation must survive beside the favourable maxim. Elsewhere “adamantine persequutor” is “unyielding assailant”, with the adjective and agent-noun making distinct contributions. Latin “adamante” and English “adamants” remain independent hard-substance examples.

adamant

Printed “adamant” (English; lemma).

A magnet or lodestone.

Here: The beloved draws the spectator helplessly after her, beside Medusa’s petrifaction and the basilisk’s fatal gaze.

Context: Burton’s literary example attributed to Lucian; the magnetic comparison differs from the adjacent mythical transformations.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: as an adamant doth iron

Modern rendering: like a magnet drawing iron

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a magnet or lodestone.

Further local use

Printed “Adamant” (English; lemma).

Here: The beloved, likened to a magnet, draws the lover’s gaze towards her door or window even when she is absent.

Context: Burton’s account of obsessive looking with literary and mythic parallels.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: as an Adamant, she draws their eyes to it

Modern rendering: her drawing their eyes to it like a magnet

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamant supplies magnet; she, rendered her in the modern nonfinite construction, identifies the beloved as the agent drawing their eyes to the door or window.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

adamant · Adamant

Printed “Adamant” (English; lemma).

Diamond or a stone proverbial for exceptional hardness.

Here: Adamant appears among stones allegedly causing melancholy when carried.

Context: Burton reports Cardano’s supposed powers of gems; the mineral’s exact identification and the underlying passage remain unresolved.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: an Adamant, Selenites

Modern rendering: adamant, selenites

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamant supplies the first stone name; Selenites the second. Neither is treated as a proved therapeutic or harmful agent.

adamant · adamants

Printed “adamants” (English; lemma).

Stones or substance proverbial for extreme hardness.

Here: The unyielding beloved exceeds the hard material in the lover’s complaint.

Context: Burton’s separate English verse compresses the preceding Latin list; it is not a magnetic comparison.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: adamants are not so hard

Modern rendering: adamant are not so hard

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes stones or substance proverbial for extreme hardness.

adamantine · local use 1

Printed “adamantine” (English; lemma).

Magnetic or powerfully attractive.

Here: The adjective belongs to the concession that natural, honourable love exerts a hidden attraction.

Context: Burton acknowledges honourable love with Fonseca as authority before treating excess; the adjective here evokes attraction, not hardness.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: a most attractive, occult, adamantine property

Modern rendering: a most compelling, hidden, magnetic quality

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamantine contributes magnetic; occult hidden, and attractive compelling.

adamantine · local use 2

Printed “adamantine” (English; lemma).

Unbreakable or firmly enduring.

Here: The strength of the bond is praised in Burton’s English version of the marriage propositions.

Context: Separate English restatement of the Latin list; the next counter-parody reverses the valuation without changing the adjective’s lexical sense.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: The band of Conjugal love is adamantine

Modern rendering: The bond of conjugal love is unbreakable

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes unbreakable or firmly enduring.

Further local use

Printed “adamantine” (English; lemma).

Here: The same firmness is recast as hopeless entrapment in the counter-parody.

Context: Burton announces this as an exercise in arguing the opposite case; his ensuing conclusion still recommends taking the chance of marriage.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: The band of marriage is adamantine; no hope of loosing it

Modern rendering: The bond of marriage is unbreakable: there is no hope of loosening it

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamantine supplies unbreakable; the following no hope of loosing it separately states that the bond cannot be loosened.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

adamantine · local use 3

Printed “adamantine” (English; lemma).

Unyielding or relentless.

Here: The adjective characterizes Lucian’s persistent attack rather than a physical bond.

Context: Burton approves the ridicule of pagan gods in his Christian polemic.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: that adamantine persequutor of superstition

Modern rendering: that unyielding assailant of superstition

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamantine contributes unyielding; persequutor contributes assailant.

adamantinus

Printed “adamantinum” (Latin; lemma).

As hard or unbreakable as adamant.

Here: The adjective praises the enduring bond in the numbered argument for marriage.

Context: Burton attributes the twelve propositions to Jacobus de Voragine, supplies a separate English version, and then constructs an opposing parody.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: Vinculum Conjugalis charitatis adamantinum

Modern rendering: The bond of conjugal love is unbreakable

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamantinum supplies unbreakable; vinculum bond, and Conjugalis charitatis of conjugal love. English is makes explicit the copula implicit in the Latin nominal sentence.

Translator-supplied words: is: English copula made explicit for the Latin nominal sentence

adamas · adamantem

Printed “adamantem” (Latin; lemma).

A magnet or lodestone.

Here: The marginal Latin supplies the iron-drawing comparison underlying the body’s English adamant.

Context: Burton’s marginal quotation attributed to Lucian’s Portraits, addressed to Polystratus.

Source: original marginal quotation

Source wording and original alignment: ut ferrum ad se trahere ferunt adamantem

Alignment scope: Original marginal wording without a separately corresponding modern-body phrase.

Word and construction: Adamantem is the magnet said to draw iron to itself; ferrum supplies iron.

Alignment qualification: The supplied note preserves and explains this wording; the paired modern body has no separate rendering of this marginal expression.

adamas · adamante

Printed “adamante” (Latin; lemma).

Adamant, the proverbial substance of extreme hardness.

Here: Caelia’s resistance is exaggerated as harder than all the listed materials.

Context: Angeriano’s disappointed lover, followed by Burton’s distinct compressed English restatement.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: cornu, adamante, gelu

Modern rendering: horn, adamant or ice

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Adamante contributes adamant; horn and ice translate separate catalogue items.

lodestone · Loadstone

Printed “Loadstone” (English; lemma).

A naturally magnetic stone.

Here: Magnetic attraction supplies the comparison for the nutritive faculty drawing food into the stomach.

Context: Burton’s scholastic physiology uses a physical analogy, then distinguishes retention and digestion.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: as a Loadstone doth Iron

Modern rendering: as a lodestone draws iron

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a naturally magnetic stone.

Further local use

Printed “load-stone” (English; lemma).

Here: The stone’s attraction is classified as natural love among inanimate things.

Context: Burton’s historical natural philosophy extends love to metals, elements and stones; the interpretation of physical motion as love remains attributed.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: a load-stone to draw iron to it

Modern rendering: a lodestone draw iron to itself

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a naturally magnetic stone.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “Loadstones” (English; lemma).

Here: A supposed polar rock is offered as a possible explanation of the compass needle’s direction.

Context: Burton’s playful imaginary journey asks whether the report is true; the next paragraph gathers competing explanations rather than deciding among them.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: a great rock of Loadstones

Modern rendering: a great rock of lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes naturally magnetic stones.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Reported powers include rejuvenation by swallowing pieces and melancholy from carrying the stone.

Context: Burton recounts opposed opinions from Cabeo and leaves experience to decide; no medicinal efficacy is established.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: the vertues of a loadstone

Modern rendering: the powers of a lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a naturally magnetic stone.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Iron drawn to a magnetized object illustrates unequal reciprocity between Phaedrus and Lysias.

Context: Burton follows Ficino but changes the direction of the concluding attraction; the supplied note records the discrepancy.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: touched with a loadstone

Modern rendering: touched by a magnet

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a magnet or naturally magnetic stone.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

lodestone · Lodestone

Printed “Lodestone” (English; lemma).

A power of attraction, figuratively likened to a magnet.

Here: Industry rather than fertile soil is said to draw commerce and maintain the Low Countries’ prosperity.

Context: Burton’s comparative economic argument follows Guicciardini; Low Countries and United Provinces are not geographically identical.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: their chiefest Lodestone

Modern rendering: the chief magnet

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a power of attraction, figuratively likened to a magnet.

Further local use

Printed “Load-stone” (English; lemma).

Here: Industry draws benefits and through cultivation improves barren land.

Context: Burton generalizes the preceding comparison; the marginal Dio example concerns enrichment and dung, not an established economic law.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: Industry is a Load-stone

Modern rendering: Industry is a magnet

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a figurative power of attraction.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “Loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Material advantage and generosity command affections in the account of interested attachment.

Context: Burton’s exaggerated patronage rhetoric, followed by a poetic claim about gifts.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: No Loadstone so attractive as that of profit

Modern rendering: No lodestone attracts like profit

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a figurative power of attraction.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Eloquence, intelligence and integrity draw favourable attention and affection.

Context: Burton’s account of personal graces, with Christ and the orator offered as examples.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: a most forcible loadstone

Modern rendering: a powerful lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes an attractive power.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Virtue attracts and unites people present, while its radiance endures across generations.

Context: Burton contrasts enduring character with fading youthful beauty; several attributions remain uncollated.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: a most attractive loadstone

Modern rendering: a most powerful lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes an attractive power.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Repentance draws divine mercy within an accumulation of healing and protective images.

Context: Burton’s devotional exhortation in the remedy for despair, not a physical account of acting upon God.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: an attractive loadstone to draw Gods mercy and graces unto us

Modern rendering: an attracting lodestone to draw God’s mercy and graces to us

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes an attractive power.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

lodestone · loadstone

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

A power of attraction, figuratively likened to a magnet.

Here: The figurative magnet explains inborn affinity after the example of a young man encountering women for the first time.

Context: Burton asserts the analogy but then qualifies the claim as true of natural and chaste love, distinguishing the passion under discussion.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: some secret loadstone in a beautiful woman

Modern rendering: some hidden lodestone in a beautiful woman

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Loadstone contributes figurative magnetic attraction; secret supplies hidden.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Beauty is the magnet of love within a catalogue of its supposed powers and social value.

Context: Burton’s rhetorical praise of beauty, drawing on named classical and legal writers.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: loves loadstone

Modern rendering: love’s lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a figurative power of attraction.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Beauty’s mere reputation is said to draw people on long and dangerous journeys.

Context: Burton illustrates the claim with Psyche, Helen and other literary figures; Penia remains unidentified.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: such an attractive power this loadstone hath

Modern rendering: such is this magnet’s power of attraction

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a figurative power of attraction.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

Further local use

Printed “loadstone” (English; lemma).

Here: Natural beauty is intensified by dress, movement, ornaments and circumstances.

Context: Burton’s comparison of natural and artificial enticements; Bacon’s margin ranks features, colour and movement separately.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: Natural beauty is a stronger loadstone of it self

Modern rendering: Natural beauty is itself a stronger lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes a figurative power of attraction.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

lodestone of love

Printed “Loadstone of Love” (English; phrase).

Love imagined as a magnetic power affecting a person.

Here: Being touched by love makes the lover acquire music, poetry and cultivated accomplishments.

Context: Burton invokes Erasmus and follows with Mercury’s preparations for Philology; the force has socially productive as well as disruptive effects.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: truly touched with this Loadstone of Love

Modern rendering: truly felt the attraction of this magnet of love

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes love imagined as a magnetic power affecting a person.

Further local use

Printed “Load-stone of Love” (English; phrase).

Here: The touched lover alternates between compliant and hostile actions, with sorrow predominant.

Context: Burton attributes the fitful behaviour to Lucian; the ensuing verse is Catullus despite the margin’s Ovid attribution.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: throughly touched with this Load-stone of Love

Modern rendering: thoroughly touched by love’s lodestone

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: The indexed form contributes love imagined as a magnetic power affecting a person.

Sense relation: A further local application of the same sense, with its own agency and phrase alignment.

magnetic · magnetique

Printed “magnetique” (English; lemma).

Having the attractive quality of a magnet.

Here: The phrase describes the hidden force ascribed to a woman’s attraction.

Context: Burton restates an attributed Fonseca claim after the invocation of Venus; it belongs to the historical argument about love.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: a magnetique vertue

Modern rendering: a magnetic force

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Magnetique contributes magnetic; vertue supplies effective force or power.

magnetic · magneticall

Printed “magneticall” (English; lemma).

Operating by a supposed sympathetic or magnetic influence, including influence at a distance.

Here: Supposed sympathetic action is invoked for remedies against imposed love; it does not require a physical lodestone.

Context: Burton reports Cardano’s examples after saying magical remedies are not permitted, then calls the ensuing prescriptions absurd; the claims remain historical, not present medical advice.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: magneticall medicines

Modern rendering: sympathetic remedies

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Magneticall supplies sympathetic, naming the supposed manner of action; medicines supplies remedies.

Further local use

Printed “magnetically” (English; lemma).

Here: Fresh wounds are said to heal through weapon salve acting by sympathy, rather than through direct application of a lodestone.

Context: Crollius and Goclenius defend the claim, Libavius opposes it and many dispute it. Burton next explains such cures through imagination and belief; the margin’s credulity differs from the body’s incredulity.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: magnetically cured

Modern rendering: healed magnetically

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Magnetically describes the supposed mode of healing; cured supplies healed.

Sense relation: The adverb expresses the same supposed sympathetic mode of action in a disputed medical application.

Further local use

Printed “magnetical” (English; lemma).

Here: Purported communication by magnetic influence is listed beside concealed writing and ciphers.

Context: Burton explicitly attributes its rejection as fabulous and false to Cabeus; Nuntius Animatus remains an unidentified title, not a proven apparatus.

Source: original body

Source wording and original alignment: magnetical telling of their minds

Modern rendering: magnetic communication of their thoughts

Alignment scope: Equal-scope phrase or construction in the supplied parallel text.

Word and construction: Magnetical supplies magnetic, the alleged mode of transmission; telling of their minds supplies communication of their thoughts.

Sense relation: A related application of alleged magnetic influence to communication rather than healing or erotic attraction; the local rejection is essential.