Diotimos Library · Esotericism & Spirituality Collection · English Edition
A Chymical Dictionary
An Expanded Diotimos Lexicon of Paracelsian and Alchemical Language
Explore the LexiconSwipe or use the arrow keys.
English Edition · Branch 8 of 740
Æthna
A Chymical Dictionary
p. 8Æthna
Elements principles and the natural world · A Chymical Dictionary
At a Glance
The word. An underground fire explained through sulphur, resin and bitumen.
A place to read. The historical definition below, 1650 dictionary, unnumbered definition page 2; facsimile PDF page 330.
Historical Definition
Æthna is invisible, sulphurous subterranean fire, which burns stones into coals like jet in mountains full of resin and bitumen.
Meaning
The entry gathers several features into an account of underground burning: hidden fire, sulphurous character, combustible mountain materials and stone altered into a coal-like product. Jet appears as a comparison within that account. The definition should not be reduced to the name of an ordinary furnace, because its setting and agency are natural and subterranean.
Its descriptive language also differs from a modern geological explanation. We can report how the author connects these materials without turning the sentence into evidence that every dark stone was produced by the same process. For reading purposes, the links among fire, sulphur and earth are more secure than an exact present-day mineral identification.
Places to Read
Bitumen. A pitch-like earthly material described through texture and origin.
Ardentia. Materials described as combustible by their own nature.
Historical source: 1650 dictionary, unnumbered definition page 2; facsimile PDF page 330 — Facsimile
Sources. A Chymicall Dictionary (1650), s.v. Æthna ; compare Bitumen, Ardentia
Socrates
Reading A Chymical Dictionary · Æthna · Æthna
Ask about a concept, passage, contradiction, or connection.
Socrates will begin with this book and its sources.About This Reading Edition
The complete 706 historical definitions of the 1650 English dictionary, modernised and accompanied by expanded Diotimos commentary, reading routes, 15 textual notes and complete linked indexes.
Historical Text
A Chymicall Dictionary, London 1650, English version associated with John French, based on Gerhard Dorn’s Dictionarium Theophrasti Paracelsi. The containing volume also prints Sendivogius and Paracelsus; neither neighboring work changes this dictionary’s attribution.
About This Edition
Complete 706 definition paragraphs with new introduction, commentary, reading guides and indexes; Diotimos Editions, 2026.
Rights
The historical 1650 English text is in the public domain. New introduction, commentary, reading guides and indexes are © 2026 Diotimos Editions and published with the site owner’s authorization.
- Governing English witnessGetty Research Institute facsimile: A Chymicall Dictionary (1650)
- Complete original supplied fileDownload the supplied PDF edition
- Complete original supplied fileDownload the supplied EPUB edition
- Complete original supplied fileDownload the supplied Word edition
- Complete original supplied fileDownload the supplied Markdown edition