Satisfaction

Use in the book

The charitable example exposes the difference between an attempted atonement and adequate restitution. Burton imagines rich benefactors who have acquired wealth through fraud and oppression, then build a satisfactory almshouse, school or bridge near the end of life. The next paragraph compares the exchange to stealing a goose and leaving a feather. Relieving ten after robbing a thousand does not, in his account, discharge the wrong. His proposed alternative is public provision for the needy rather than dependence on occasional gifts and foundations supporting a fixed number. Satisfactory therefore describes the reparative purpose attributed to the gift, not Burton’s certification that the purpose succeeds.

The argument returns in the account of reluctant charity. A donor may contribute for public credit, or be moved by threats concerning works of satisfaction and merit, hell and purgatory. Satisfaction and merit are related but not identical: the former concerns making amends, the latter the claimed worth of the work. Burton attacks the motives and religious inducements he describes, yet expressly allows many sincere and compassionate benefactors in the continuation. His criticism must not become a claim that every charitable act is fraudulent. Later satisfaction appears among the means by which, in his hostile account, papal authority frightens and subordinates its followers, and satisfactions occur in the catalogue of practices he attacks as human traditions. Those passages are anti-papal polemic, not a neutral institutional description.

The language of what is owed is broader than that polemic. Calamities are described as satisfying God’s wrath, and divine action as punishment of sin and satisfaction of justice. The former argument says the law requires obedience or punishment. Elsewhere the claim that people can satisfy the Law and then do more than it requires introduces the attack on supererogation. Satisfying the law there means fulfilling its demands, not simply paying a penalty after breaking it. Burton also turns the criticism towards proud members of his own community; the surrounding attack is not confined to an entirely external religious enemy.

In the cure of despair, the direction of the argument changes. Mercy is said to be able to satisfy for everyone’s sins, accompanied by antilutron, a ransom in exchange. The later prayer attributed to Anselm says that the speaker’s repentance will not suffice for satisfaction, but that God’s mercy overcomes all his transgressions. The I is the prayer’s speaker, not a sudden autobiographical confession by Burton. Nor does the insufficiency of repentance cancel its place in the surrounding counsel: the preceding paragraph urges continuing repair of the soul through repentance and calls for grace. The contrast is between inadequate personal amends and exceeding divine mercy, not between doing nothing and earning complete release.

Secular satisfaction can also involve a debt or a wrong. In Burton’s imaginary commonwealth, creditors being satisfied means their being paid; the surrounding proposal attaches imprisonment and a severe eventual penalty to unpaid indebtedness. This is his punitive utopian scheme, not a statement of present law. In the argument against vindictive anger, no satisfaction or composition will be accepted: reparation and a negotiated settlement alike fail to appease the implacable antagonist. In a different literary example, the two women raped by one man demand opposed forms of satisfaction, execution and marriage. The note identifies a declamatory problem in Seneca the Elder, not a documented consensual affair or a legal recommendation by Burton.

Satisfaction can also mean the appeasing of anger. Burton’s English verse after an Ovid couplet says that a noble spirit is quickly satisfied: the parallel word pacified fixes the sense. This is Burton’s separate English verse, not an original Latin satisfacere occurrence in the preceding couplet. The jealousy section gives a comic narrative in which a furious husband pursues an adulterer with a sword but accepts his confession and leaves him. The husband is the person satisfied; the admission appeases him. It neither proves that no injury occurred nor records monetary compensation. The continuation recommends restraint, but also contains reported anecdotes and sharp satire, not a generally binding remedy for marital betrayal.

Explanatory satisfaction is announced near the beginning of the book, when the masked author offers reasons for his assumed name, title and subject. It can concern disputed knowledge as well as authorial self-explanation. Burton recommends accounts of apparitions to readers who still doubt them, promising ample satisfaction from the collected examples; those references remain claims and testimony, not independent proof that the apparitions occurred. In the later argument against unbelief, he refers readers seeking fuller satisfaction to theologians, schoolmen and casuists. The arguments whose full exposition would require a volume are those of the preceding positions; Burton then directs readers to their theological opponents. He praises the replies but also admits that they often have little effect.

An unusual construction makes the difficulty of explanation itself the object: diversity of climate in places similarly situated can hardly be satisfied, alongside diversity of plants and animals. The modernization interprets the compressed sentence as saying that climatic and biological differences are hard to account for together. This is not a claim that plants cause climate, nor an unproblematic word-for-word replacement of satisfied by explained. The medical programme gives this explanatory sense a practical end. Showing sufferers the inward causes of their symptoms is intended to give satisfaction in place of their fears of devils, bewitchment or divine abandonment; at least it may help them bear their condition more patiently. The explanations are historically humoral and internally contested. Burton’s later praise of Blancanus’s demonstrations of echoes offers a more particular example of explaining strange sounds, but his discussion immediately afterwards still favours an evil-spirit explanation for certain extraordinary symptoms. The purpose of reassurance must therefore not be rewritten as a uniform rejection of supernatural agency throughout the book. Equally, satisfaction is not automatically achieved by a learned explanation: Burton complains that the writers on elaborate medicinal mixtures fail to give their readers the satisfaction they ought, because they do not adequately explain why so many ingredients and those quantities are needed.

Putting a mind at ease is related to answering it, but extends beyond an argument’s evidential force. Friends are told to discover concealed grievances, divert the sufferer, alter the course of life and, if possible, provide security and satisfaction. Burton reports rapid cures when minds are satisfied and makes strong claims for removing the troubling object or cause. The advice to grant a desire is qualified by possibility and convenience; bodily and mental treatment are to be joined. His range of historical methods includes coercion and physical punishment when gentler means fail, not merely sympathetic conversation. These claims and practices are being described, not offered as present-day clinical guidance.

The jealousy counsel gives reassurance a more expressly humane setting. Friends are to identify the person, occasion or company that excites suspicion and, if possible, remove the cause; the sufferer should be treated gently rather than mocked or hated. Satisfaction here is relief from distress, not proof that every suspicion was accurate or a payment to the sufferer. Consolation after rejection from office offers another route to ease: awareness that appointments often follow patronage rather than merit is some satisfaction to the rejected candidate. Finally, rest satisfied can mean accept one’s present condition. Fables about creatures worse off support that injunction in the consolation against discontent, while the final counsel on religious affliction adds the important limit for the present. Temporary endurance does not assert that the distress has already ended.

Pleasure and appetite supply further ordinary uses. A writer cannot satisfy every reader, as the argument about Seneca and literary judgement shows; the accompanying Latin says scarcely anyone can satisfy another person in every respect. The painter’s reversed picture gives satisfaction by meeting the customer’s requested position, an anecdote Burton applies to the reversibility of his criticism of men and women. Physical satisfaction may mean meeting hunger and thirst within a temperate regimen, or gratifying an appetite represented as limitless. The marginal praise of Paul the hermit says he satisfied nature with his cupped hands, contrasting few needs with luxurious possessions. By contrast, satisfying lust in the hostile report about Mehmed II means gratifying desire regardless of wrongdoing; the attribution to Giovio and its accusatory force remain visible. Neither use is penitential atonement merely because it employs the same family.

Related entries

Conscience — the judgement voiced in the attributed Anselm prayer.

Repentance and penitence — continuing amendment distinguished from adequate personal satisfaction.

Mercy and forgiveness — divine mercy exceeding personal amends.

Supererogation — fulfilling a requirement distinguished from doing more than duty requires.

Casuists — the theologians recommended for fuller satisfaction.

Despair — the pastoral use of explanation and reassurance.

Charity — reparative gifts and the allowance for sincere giving.

Places to read

1. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraphs 1–3the masked author’s explanatory satisfaction
2. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraphs 18–20pleasing readers and marginal satisfaciat
3. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraphs 5–7satisfactory charity and the goose-and-feather criticism of inadequate restitution
4. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraph 43the commonwealth context before the debt proposal
5. Democritus Junior to the Reader · paragraphs 1–2creditors satisfied by payment in the punitive imagined scheme
6. Human Excellence, the Fall, Miseries and Infirmities; Their Causes · paragraphs 16–18satisfying wrath through punishment and the law’s alternative demand
7. Section 2 Member 1 Subsection 1 Causes of Melancholy God as a Cause · paragraphs 4–6punishment and satisfaction of divine justice
8. Subsection 2 A Digression on the Nature of Spirits Evil Angels or Devils and How They Cause Melancholy · paragraphs 45–48further reading offered to satisfy doubts about spirits
9. Subsection 2 The Quantity of Food as a Cause · paragraphs 11–15gratifying the gut and the world’s inability to satisfy excessive appetite
10. Member 3 Immediate Cause of the Preceding Symptoms · paragraphs 17–21natural explanation intended to reassure, and disagreement within the humoral account
11. Member 3 Immediate Cause of the Preceding Symptoms · paragraphs 1–4explaining echoes, followed by Burton’s demonic exception
12. Subsection 2. Diet Corrected in Quantity · paragraphs 5–7meeting hunger and thirst in the historical temperance regimen
13. Member 3. Air Corrected. With a Digression on Air · paragraphs 5–9the compressed difficulty of accounting for climatic and biological diversity
14. Member 3. Air Corrected. With a Digression on Air · paragraphs 30–32; note 5551marginal satisfecisti in the reported lunar argument
15. Subsection 2 Help From Friends Through Counsel and Comfort Gentle and Harsh Methods Ingenious Devices Reassurance Changes in the Way of Life and Removal of Troubling Objects and So Forth · paragraphs 4–9friends, reassurance and claims about removing the cause
16. Subsection 2 Help From Friends Through Counsel and Comfort Gentle and Harsh Methods Ingenious Devices Reassurance Changes in the Way of Life and Removal of Troubling Objects and So Forth · paragraphs 17–19satisfying desire, possibility and convenience
17. Subsection 2 Help From Friends Through Counsel and Comfort Gentle and Harsh Methods Ingenious Devices Reassurance Changes in the Way of Life and Removal of Troubling Objects and So Forth · paragraphs 28–30coercive alternatives when reassurance and gentle methods fail
18. Section 3 Member 1. Subsection 1 A Digression on Consolation, Containing Remedies for Every Kind of Discontent · paragraphs 19–22rest satisfied as contentment in comparative consolation
19. Member 3 Against Poverty and Want and Other Such Adversities · paragraphs 28–29; Member 4 Against Servitude, Loss of Liberty, Imprisonment and Banishment · paragraph 30Paul’s minimal needs and naturæ satisfecit in the margin
20. Member 7 Against Rejection, Abuse, Injuries, Contempt, Disgrace, Insults, Slander, Mockery and the Like · paragraphs 3–5satisfaction as consolation after rejection from office
21. Member 7 Against Rejection, Abuse, Injuries, Contempt, Disgrace, Insults, Slander, Mockery and the Like · paragraphs 38–42satisfied as appeased, in Burton’s English verse after the Ovid couplet
22. Subsection 5 Compound Alteratives Criticism of Compounds and Mixed Medicines · paragraphs 8–10explanation of medicinal mixtures judged inadequate
23. Member 3 Charity Combining All Three Kinds of Love Pleasant Profitable and Honourable · paragraphs 2–4rejected reparation and settlement
24. Member 3 Charity Combining All Three Kinds of Love Pleasant Profitable and Honourable · paragraphs 17–21works of satisfaction and merit, with the exception for sincere charity
25. By Counsel and Persuasion, the Foulness of the Deed, the Faults of Men and Women, the Miseries of Marriage, the Consequences of Lust, and So Forth · paragraphs 12–14meeting the pictured-horse request and reversing the sex addressed
26. The Cure of Jealousy: Avoiding Occasions for It, Keeping Occupied; Good Counsel; Disregarding It, Not Watching Women or Locking Them Up; Concealing It, and So On · paragraphs 24–28the confession that appeases the enraged husband in a comic anecdote
27. Prevention Before or After Marriage: Plato’s Community of Wives; Marrying a Courtesan; Love Potions; Brothels; Marrying Someone Equal in Age and Fortune, From a Good Family, Well Educated and of Good Standing; Treating Wives Well; and So On · paragraphs 44–46satisfaction as opposed demands for redress in a declamatory problem
28. Prevention Before or After Marriage: Plato’s Community of Wives; Marrying a Courtesan; Love Potions; Brothels; Marrying Someone Equal in Age and Fortune, From a Good Family, Well Educated and of Good Standing; Treating Wives Well; and So On · paragraphs 1–5humane reassurance of the jealous sufferer
29. Its Object, God; What His Beauty Is; How It Attracts. The Parts and People Affected · paragraphs 17–19fulfilling the law distinguished from claiming works beyond duty
30. Causes of Religious Melancholy. From the Devil, Through Miracles, Apparitions and Oracles. His Instruments or Agents: Politicians, Priests, Impostors, Heretics and Blind Guides. In Them: Credulity, Fear, Blind Zeal, Ignorance, Solitude, Curiosity, Pride, Vanity, Presumption and So On. His Devices: Fasting, Solitude, Hope, Fear and the Rest · paragraphs 37–39satisfaction among the alleged instruments of papal authority
31. General Symptoms: Love of Their Own Sect; Hatred of All Other Religions; Obstinacy and Ill Temper; Readiness to Undergo Any Danger or Adversity for It; Martyrs; Blind Zeal and Blind Obedience; Fasts and Vows; Belief in Incredible and Impossible Things. Particular Symptoms Among Pagans, Muslims, Jews and Christians; and Among Christians, Heretics Old and New, Schismatics, Scholastic Theologians, Prophets, Enthusiasts and So On · paragraphs 35–37satisfactions as penitential practices in a hostile catalogue
32. Member 2 Subsection 1 Religious Melancholy From Deficiency: Those Affected—Epicures, Atheists, Hypocrites, the Worldly and Complacent, Carnalists, All Impious People, Impenitent Sinners, and Others · paragraphs 55–57satisfying desire in Giovio’s hostile report about Mehmed II
33. Member 2 Subsection 1 Religious Melancholy From Deficiency: Those Affected—Epicures, Atheists, Hypocrites, the Worldly and Complacent, Carnalists, All Impious People, Impenitent Sinners, and Others · paragraphs 21–23fuller intellectual satisfaction sought from theological replies
34. Treatment of Despair Through Medicine, Good Counsel, Consolation, and So On · paragraphs 27–29mercy’s sufficiency and antilutron
35. Treatment of Despair Through Medicine, Good Counsel, Consolation, and So On · paragraphs 36–38repentance’s insufficiency in the attributed Anselm prayer, with the surrounding appeal to grace
36. Treatment of Despair Through Medicine, Good Counsel, Consolation, and So On · paragraphs 47–49rest satisfied for the present, not a claim of completed relief

In this edition

“build a satisfactory alms-house, school, or bridge” becomes “building an almshouse, school, or bridge to make amends”. The full construction supplies the matched scope: school and bridge do not come from the word satisfactory. “give some satisfaction” becomes “give some reassurance”; “satisfactions” becomes “acts of satisfaction”; and “suffice for satisfaction” becomes “suffice to make satisfaction”. Make amends and reassurance separate the two principal senses. Where the modern retains satisfaction, the local account explains whether the meaning is penitential reparation, an adequate explanation or another kind of fulfilment.

Ordinary constructions require different English. Creditors “be not satisfied” becomes “have not been paid”. “no satisfaction, no composition” becomes “No reparation or settlement”, distributing the two nouns rather than making either one stand for the whole phrase. “some satisfaction” becomes “some consolation” after rejection from office. “rest satisfied for the present” becomes “be content for the present” in the concluding counsel. The circumstances explain the translation without making contentment, reassurance, payment and reparation interchangeable. In the climatic puzzle, “this diversity of aire, in places equally site elevated and distant from the Pole, can hardly be satisfied with that diversity of Plants, Birds, Beasts, which is so familiar with us” becomes “the differences of climate between places equally situated, elevated, and distant from the pole are hard to account for, together with the differences in plants, birds, and animals so familiar to us”. This is a checked whole-construction alignment, with an interpretive recasting of the awkward relation expressed by with, not a lexical claim that satisfied alone supplies the complete modern clause.

The Latin is checked in its own source layer. In the marginal Anselm prayer, “ad satisfactionem” is “to make satisfaction”: satisfactionem is accusative after ad, expressing the end for which repentance is said not to suffice. The margin’s opening says conscience has deserved damnation, whereas the body says conscience tells the speaker that he deserves it; those are distinct formulations. Marginal “ut alteri per omnia satisfaciat” means “as to satisfy another in every respect,” a result construction with a present subjunctive; “naturæ satisfecit” means “he satisfied nature,” with the recipient of the satisfaction in the dative. The lunar argument’s “His argumentis planè satisfecisti” is unfolded as “By these arguments you have fully established,” with the following proposition completing what was established (margin,; the containing source unit spans). Finally “ut suis desideriis satisfaceret” is rendered “if it satisfied his desires”: the supplied translation recasts the Latin purpose construction conditionally, a shift that should be identified rather than presented as word-for-word identity.

The reassurance construction “security and satisfaction” also has an earlier explained route in Remedy by diversion. The phrase “satisfaction of his Justice” is discussed under its divine-justice component in Law and justice. These are shared passages, brought together here to explain the satisfaction family, not newly discovered occurrences.

The supplied notes explain that hospitals include charitable residences and institutions of care, not only medical wards, and that the gouty benefactor is a satirical figure of wealth and indulgence. They also mark the modern column’s syntactic expansion of the compressed hear or see, &c., separately from satisfaction becoming reassurance. The exact prayer attributed to Anselm and its attribution remain to be collated.

satisfactory

Intended to make amends or atone; not merely of acceptable quality.

Original text: “build a satisfactory alms-house, school, or bridge”. In the modern column: “building an almshouse, school, or bridge to make amends”. The charitable foundation is intended as reparation for accumulated wrongdoing. Burton attacks the disproportion between lifelong oppression and late gifts; the next paragraph gives the stolen-goose and feather comparison. Satisfactory contributes the reparative purpose to make amends; the three institutions come from the three original nouns.

Original text: “satisfactory and meritorious works”. In the modern column: “works of satisfaction and merit”. Works presented as making amends and possessing merit. Burton attacks the inducements attributed to Papists and the donor’s motives, but expressly acknowledges sincere charity. Satisfactory supplies of satisfaction; meritorious supplies of merit, a distinct accompanying claim.

satisfaction; satisfactions

Religious reparation or adequate amends for sin.

Original text: “for the punishment of sin, and satisfaction of his Justice”. In the modern column: “to punish sin and satisfy his justice”. The fulfilment of divine justice through punishment of sin. This belongs to Burton’s historical theological explanation of disease; the preceding paragraph recognizes difficulty in distinguishing causes. Satisfaction of his Justice is recast as satisfy his justice; the coordinated punishment clause supplies punish sin.

Original text: “satisfaction”. In the modern column: “satisfaction”. Penitential reparation named among alleged instruments of religious authority. Burton’s coercion and slavery comparisons are polemical assertions.

Original text: “satisfactions”. In the modern column: “acts of satisfaction”. Penitential acts of reparation. This is an item in Burton’s hostile anti-papal catalogue, not an independently neutral description of its origin or worth.

Original text: “suffice for satisfaction”. In the modern column: “suffice to make satisfaction”. Be adequate to make amends for sin. The prayer’s speaker, attributed to Anselm, contrasts insufficient repentance with mercy overcoming all transgressions; this is not Burton’s autobiographical I.

satisfie

Meet a religious demand or make satisfaction for sin, with the agent and object locally specified.

Original text: “satisfie Gods wrath”. In the modern column: “satisfy God’s wrath”. Meet the demand of divine anger in the theological account of punishment. Burton interprets calamities as chastisement and says law requires obedience or punishment; not a present medical explanation.

Original text: “satisfie the Law”. In the modern column: “satisfy the Law”. Fulfil the law’s requirements. Burton criticizes an inflated estimate of one’s ability, then the stronger claim to perform works beyond what is required; he does not endorse either.

Original text: “able to satisfie for all mens sins”. In the modern column: “able to make satisfaction for everyone’s sins”. Mercy capable of making amends for everyone’s sins. Burton’s consolation attributes the rebuke of Cain to Augustine, whose exact source the supplied note leaves unverified. Able expresses sufficiency, not a separately demonstrated universal final outcome.

satisfied · local sense 1

Paid, with creditors as the recipients.

Original text: “his creditors be not satisfied”. In the modern column: “his creditors have not been paid”. Creditors have not received the payment owed. Conditional nonpayment in the imagined commonwealth’s punitive scheme; not current legal advice.

satisfaction · local sense 1

Reparation or redress for an injury.

Original text: “no satisfaction, no composition”. In the modern column: “No reparation or settlement”. No making amends or negotiated settlement accepted. The implacable antagonists reject these remedies; the sentence does not say that all wrongs necessarily resist settlement. Satisfaction supplies reparation; composition supplies settlement. The modern coordinates them under one No.

Original text: “for satisfaction”. In the modern column: “as redress”. The remedy sought for the assault in the literary problem. The two victims request execution and marriage respectively in a Senecan declamatory problem, not a documented legal case or consensual affair.

satisfaction · local sense 2

An answer or explanation that meets doubt or a demand for reasons.

Original text: “to give thee satisfaction”. In the modern column: “to satisfy you”. Offer the reader reasons for the assumed name, title and subject. The masked author offers a limited explanation, not a complete disclosure of identity.

Original text: “for him to read that farther doubts, to his ample satisfaction”. In the modern column: “Anyone who still doubts may read them and find ample satisfaction”. Further reading offered as an answer to continued doubt about apparitions. Burton’s list gathers alleged witnesses; neither the catalogue nor this gloss certifies the apparitions as facts. The modern recasts the whole invitation: satisfaction is the promised answer to doubt, while anyone, doubts and read are supplied by the corresponding original clauses.

Original text: “gives his reader full satisfaction of all such sounds by way of demonstration”. In the modern column: “fully explains all such sounds to his reader by demonstration”. A demonstrative explanation of echoes and related sounds. Burton praises Blancanus’s explanatory account; the following possession discussion prevents treating it as a denial of every supernatural explanation. Gives full satisfaction is recast as fully explains; the object, recipient and method remain expressly aligned.

Original text: “this diversity of aire, in places equally site elevated and distant from the Pole, can hardly be satisfied with that diversity of Plants, Birds, Beasts, which is so familiar with us”. In the modern column: “the differences of climate between places equally situated, elevated, and distant from the pole are hard to account for, together with the differences in plants, birds, and animals so familiar to us”. Can scarcely be adequately accounted for, in the modernization’s interpretation of Burton’s compressed climate-and-diversity problem. The grammatical subject is diversity of climate, not a person seeking contentment; hardly preserves explanatory difficulty. The original with construction is awkward and the supplied editor explicitly marks its interpretation, not a missing causal explanation. Full construction only: the modern reads climatic and biological diversity as combined explanatory difficulties. It renders can hardly be satisfied as are hard to account for and recasts with as together with; the rest of the clause comes from the corresponding nouns and qualifications.

Original text: “that satisfaction which he ought”. In the modern column: “the satisfaction he should”. The adequate explanatory answer a medical writer owes the reader. Burton judges that accounts of compound remedies fail to explain why these ingredients and quantities are used. This is a stated critical judgement.

Original text: “a more ample satisfaction”. In the modern column: “fuller satisfaction”. A fuller intellectual answer to the preceding positions and objections. The preceding unbelief positions are the antecedent of their arguments; Burton refers readers to theologians in reply, praises their arguments but acknowledges frequent failure to persuade.

satisfaction; satisfied

Reassurance, consolation or the easing of distress.

Original text: “give some satisfaction”. In the modern column: “give some reassurance”. Relieve sufferers’ fears through explanation of the causes of symptoms. Burton proposes natural inward causes in place of their supposed devils, bewitchment or abandonment, aiming at avoidance or at least patient endurance; later he permits a demonic exception.

Original text: “security and satisfaction”. In the modern column: “security and reassurance”. Ease and confidence sought by friends’ intervention. If possible qualifies the proposed change of life and reassurance; the historical catalogue includes fair and foul means.

Original text: “their minds are satisfied”. In the modern column: “their minds are put at ease”. Their minds receive relief from the troubling concern. Burton’s statement that many are instantly cured is a historical claim, not independently established efficacy.

Original text: “give him satisfaction”. In the modern column: “Give him reassurance”. Relieve the patient’s distress by securing him and removing the troubling cause. Burton makes a strong claim that the cure is then ended; the definition reports rather than validates it.

Original text: “if satisfaction may not be had”. In the modern column: “if reassurance cannot be achieved”. When the hoped-for easing of distress cannot be achieved. The continuation moves from failed mild means to historical coercive and punitive methods; it must not be represented as wholly gentle treatment.

Original text: “some satisfaction”. In the modern column: “some consolation”. Comfort for the rejected applicant in knowing that appointments need not reward merit. The explanation invokes patronage and wealth; it neither pays a debt nor establishes the rejected person’s superior merit in every case.

Original text: “to give the party grieved satisfaction”. In the modern column: “to reassure the distressed man”. Friends’ attempted relief of a jealous husband’s distress. If possible and if it may be limit the intervention; the continuation calls for humane treatment, not derision.

Original text: “the parties might easily be satisfied”. In the modern column: “the sufferers might easily be reassured”. Sufferers may be put at ease when provoking objects are removed. Burton’s conditional assurance is followed by the injunction not to add grief through abuse, mockery or hatred.

rest satisfied

Remain content with one’s condition, including during an unresolved interval of distress.

Original text: “rest satisfied”. In the modern column: “remain content”. Accept one’s condition rather than complain. Burton presses comparative consolation through the mole fable; this is his counsel, not a claim that all distress has been cured.

Original text: “Be content and rest satisfied”. In the modern column: “Be content and satisfied”. Find contentment by comparing one’s condition with those worse off. The hares-and-frogs fable supplies the example; the advice remains Burton’s historical moral rhetoric.

Original text: “rest satisfied for the present”. In the modern column: “be content for the present”. Endure patiently during the present distress. For the present preserves the interval before relief; the preceding David example stresses prolonged prayer and perseverance.

satisfie; satisfaction

Please a person or fulfil the person’s wishes or request.

Original text: “satisfie all”. In the modern column: “satisfy everyone”. Meet every reader’s expectations or approval. Burton doubts that even authority established by long standing can secure universal acceptance, having cited criticism of Seneca.

Original text: “gave him satisfaction”. In the modern column: “satisfied him”. Met the customer’s requested position of the painted horse by turning the picture upside down. Burton’s Passus and walking horse differ from the supplied Lucian comparison; his application invites changing him and her, not a verified account of a commissioned painting.

satisfie; satisfied

Meet a bodily need or gratify an appetite or desire.

Original text: “satisfie the gut”. In the modern column: “satisfy the gut”. Gratify the appetite for food. Burton criticizes learned luxury and the elevation of cookery rather than praising unlimited consumption.

Original text: “the whole world cannot satisfie their appetite”. In the modern column: “the whole world cannot satisfy their appetite”. Even the world’s resources cannot content the represented ravenous appetite. This is hyperbolic condemnation of gluttony, not a measured consumption claim.

Original text: “satisfie hunger and thirst”. In the modern column: “satisfy hunger and thirst”. Meet bodily needs within the recommended limit of temperance. Burton’s compressed attribution joins Macrobius and Jerome; the editor distinguishes Socrates the philosopher and notes Jerome’s warning against excessive fasting. This is historical regimen.

Original text: “If he desire ought, let him be satisfied”. In the modern column: “If he wants something, satisfy him”. Grant the thing desired, where possible and convenient. This is distinct from the later mind being put at ease in the same paragraph; the practical qualifications must remain.

Original text: “to satisfie his lust”. In the modern column: “to gratify his desires”. To fulfil his desires regardless of wrongdoing. The allegation is Giovio’s hostile account of Mehmed II; it is not independently established biography.

satisfactio

Satisfaction or adequate amends, here for sin.

Original margin: “ad satisfactionem”. Supplied note translation or expansion: “to make satisfaction”. Accusative singular after ad, the end for which repentance does not suffice. The attributed prayer contrasts personal inadequacy with mercy; the marginal opening differs from the body’s conscience-tells-me construction.

satisfacere

Satisfy, please, meet a need or establish an answer; the construction determines the local force.

Original margin: “ut alteri per omnia satisfaciat”. Supplied note translation or expansion: “as to satisfy another in every respect”. Present subjunctive third-person singular in a result construction; alteri is dative, another person. The marginal Erasmus sentence has another in every respect, whereas Burton’s English compresses it as satisfy all.

Original margin: “His argumentis planè satisfecisti”. Supplied note translation or expansion: “By these arguments you have fully established”. Perfect indicative second-person singular; the arguments are the means of supplying a convincing account. Kepler is cited in support of the lunar hypothesis; the body keeps the qualification if we may subscribe and believe. The following proposition says spots are seas and bright parts land, not a verified modern claim. The modern unfolds satisfecisti as you have established, with the following proposition completing the object; his argumentis supplies by these arguments and planè fully.

Original margin: “naturæ satisfecit”. Supplied note translation or expansion: “he satisfied nature”. Perfect indicative third-person singular with dative naturæ: he met nature’s bodily need. Paul’s cupped hands exemplify few needs against luxurious vessels; the margin condemns the avaricious, while Burton’s body broadens the contrast to rich people.

Original margin: “ut suis desideriis satisfaceret”. Supplied note translation or expansion: “if it satisfied his desires”. Imperfect subjunctive third-person singular in a purpose clause with dative desideriis, his desires. The original says in order to satisfy his desires; the supplied modern recasts that purpose conditionally within the accusation attributed to Giovio. Explicit construction-level recasting: ut with subjunctive expresses purpose in the original, while if expresses condition in the supplied modern. Satisfaceret supplies satisfy and suis desideriis his desires.

antilutron

A ransom in exchange, in the appeal to mercy’s sufficiency.

Original text: “antilutron”. In the modern column: “a ransom in exchange”. Greek term, printed in Roman transliteration, for the ransom cited from 1 Timothy 2:6. Burton appends it to the statement that mercy can make satisfaction for all sins; the supplied editor explains the Greek term rather than adding an original marginal quotation.

satisfied · local sense 2

Appeased or pacified: anger is brought to rest, rather than a creditor paid or a sin atoned for.

Original text: “A noble spirit quickly satisfied.” In the modern column: “A noble spirit quickly satisfied.” A noble person’s anger is quickly appeased; the parallel pacified supplies the immediate gloss. Burton’s English verse follows a separately printed Latin Ovid couplet, whose anger is placabilis. This English satisfied is not a Latin satisfacere attestation; the moral generalization is Burton’s adaptation, not established psychology. The modern keeps the entire second verse line unchanged, including satisfied; the preceding line and Latin couplet explain its local force.

Original text: “with which confession he was satisfied”. In the modern column: “Satisfied with this confession”. The angry husband accepts the pursued offender’s confession and stops his pursuit. The husband, not the confessing offender, is satisfied. The anecdote asserts that the charge was admitted, but does not establish an independently documented event or recommend a general legal settlement. The supplied modern front-loads Satisfied with this confession and names the husband immediately afterwards; it preserves the confession as the occasion of his appeasement.

Earlier explanation: hospitals

Earlier explanation: Hospital

For hospitals, see Hospital.

Context passages: the passage, the passage, the passage. These are reading contexts, not additional occurrences of the cited form.

Reference scope: Hospital already explains the broader charitable and care institutions in this exact proposed-commonwealth passage. The inherited note’s clarification does not create a new hospital record here.

Access scope (charitable care institutions): Explanatory access to the institution type, not a substitute translation of satisfaction.