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Attributed to Jean d’Espagnet

The Summary of Physics Restored

A Fresh English Translation from the Complete 1653 Latin Enchiridion

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The Summary of Physics RestoredThe 245 Canons · Canon 106

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Facing Pages · Branch 160 of 375

The 245 Canons · Canon 106

Latin

Qui quatuor Elementa in totidem humoribus constituunt, naturam humidam quatuor qualitatum Elementarium susceptibilem, imò subiectum esse agnoscunt; quomodo ergo contrarias illas quas in eodem subiecto collocant, profitentur? quamuis enim quatuor illi humores suis differentijs distinguuntur, vnicam tamen basim omnibus communem, eandémque radicem habent, humorem videlicet, neque enim flaua bilis ignem referens minùs humor est quàm flegma, quod Aquae adscribunt: idémque de atra bile & sanguine sit iudicium, licèt comparatiuè non absolutè quatuor Elementa in humido confundant.

English

Those who establish the four Elements in as many humours acknowledge that moist nature can receive the four elemental qualities—indeed, is their subject. How, then, do they profess those qualities to be contraries when they place them in the same subject? Although the four humours are distinguished by their differences, they have a single basis common to all and the same root, namely moisture. Yellow bile, which represents fire, is no less a humour than phlegm, which they assign to Water; and let the same judgement apply to black bile and blood, even though they mingle the four Elements in moisture comparatively rather than absolutely.

About This Reading Edition

The complete 1653 Enchiridion physicae restitutae, conventionally attributed to Jean d’Espagnet, with Latin and a fresh English translation, all 245 canons, the title and maxim, address to students, epigram, original marginalia, 140 modern annotations and the complete supplied Diotimos study apparatus.

Historical Text and Translation

Anonymous, Enchiridion physicae restitutae. Geneva: Jean-Antoine and Samuel de Tournes, 1653. ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Rar 4790; digitised by e-rara, doi:10.3931/e-rara-21407. Conventionally attributed to Jean d’Espagnet; the original title page is anonymous.

About Diotimos Editions

This historical edition credits Diotimos Editions as its English translator.

Rights

The historical Latin text is a public-domain work. The supplied 2026 fresh English translation, readable Latin transcription and Diotimos editorial material are published with the site owner’s authorization.