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Ancient Greek Page · Branch 127 of 879
Book I Chapter 8 · I.8.42.1–I.8.42.2
Ancient Greek
p. 25042 ⟨Ἀρείου Διδύμου⟩· Ἀπολλοδώρου
Ἀπολλόδωρος δ’ ἐν τῇ Φυσικῇ τέχνῃ οὕτως ὁρίζεται τὸν χρόνον· Χρόνος δ’ ἐστὶ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου κινήσεως διάστημα· οὕτως δ’ ἐστὶν ἄπειρος, ὡς ὁ πᾶς ἀριθμὸς ἄπειρος λέγεται εἶναι· τὸ μὲν γάρ ἐστιν αὐτοῦ παρεληλυθός, τὸ δὲ ἐνεστηκός, τὸ δὲ μέλλον. Ἐνεστάναι δὲ τὸν πάντα χρόνον ὡς τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν ἐνεστηκέναι λέγομεν κατὰ μείζονα περιγραφήν· καὶ ὑπάρχειν ὁ πᾶς χρόνος λέγεται, οὐδενὸς αὐτοῦ τῶν μερῶν ὑπάρχοντος ἀπαρτιζόντως.
42 Ποσειδωνίου
Τὰ μέν ἐστι κατὰ πᾶν ἄπειρα, ὡς ὁ σύμπας χρόνος· τὰ δὲ κατά τι, ὡς ὁ παρεληλυθὼς χρόνος καὶ ὁ μέλλων· κατὰ γὰρ τὸν παρόντα μόνον ἑκάτερος πεπέρανται. Τὸν δὲ χρόνον οὕτως ὁρίζεται· διάστημα κινήσεως ἢ μέτρον τάχους τε καὶ βραδύτητος, ὅπως ἔχει τὸ ἐπινοούμενον. ⟨καὶ⟩ κατὰ τὸ πότε τοῦ χρόνου τὸν μὲν εἶναι παρεληλυθότα, τὸν δὲ μέλλοντα, τὸν δὲ παρόντα, ὃς ἔκ τινος μέρους τοῦ παρεληλυθότος καὶ τοῦ μέλλοντος περὶ τὸν διορισμὸν αὐτῶν συνέστηκε· τὸν δὲ διορισμὸν σημειώδη εἶναι. Τὸ δὲ νῦν καὶ τὰ ὅμοια ἐν πλάτει χρόνου καὶ οὐχὶ κατ’ ἀπαρτισμὸν νοεῖσθαι. Λέγεσθαι δὲ τὸ νῦν καὶ [κατὰ] τὸν ἐλάχιστον πρὸς αἴσθησιν χρόνον περὶ τὸν διορισμὸν τοῦ μέλλοντος καὶ παρεληλυθότος συνιστάμενον.
Stobaeus, Volume I: Book I Chapter 8
p. 25142 ⟨Arius Didymus⟩: Apollodorus
Apollodorus, in his Treatise on Physics, defines time as follows. Time is the interval of the universe’s motion. It is infinite in the sense in which number as a whole is said to be infinite. One part of it is past, another present, another future. Time as a whole is present in the way we speak of the year as present, using a broader delimitation. And time as a whole is said to have actuality, although none of its parts has actuality in the strict sense.283
42 Posidonius
Some things are infinite in every respect, like time as a whole; others in a particular respect, like past and future time, since each is bounded only on the side of the present. He defines time as an interval of motion or a measure of speed and slowness, according to the condition of what is conceived. ⟨And⟩ with regard to when, some time is past, some future, and some present. The present consists of a portion of the past and the future around their dividing boundary; the boundary itself is like a point. The now and similar expressions are conceived as referring to an extent of time, not to an exact delimitation. The now also denotes [in respect of] the smallest perceptible time formed around the boundary of future and past.284
Socrates
Reading Stobaeus, Volume I · Book I Chapter 8 · I.8.42.1–I.8.42.2
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Stobaeus gathered Greek philosophy and poetry for his son Septimius. Volume I presents the dedication testimony, On Arithmetic, Book I through chapter 60, and the ancient contents of all four books. This complete bilingual edition includes an introduction and 2,117 explanatory notes.
Historical Text and Translation
The Greek follows Curt Wachsmuth’s 1884 Volume I, checked against the supplied scan. Gaps, lost-chapter headings, and uncertain attributions remain visible. Chapter 2 includes a labeled proposed reconstruction. The appendix outlines Books I–IV; the full texts of Books II–IV are outside this volume. Reader pages preserve the companion PDF’s numbering.
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