The Anatomy of Melancholy

The places. Hope arises in relation to an absent good. (p. 25; DJR-025-28.) The sufferer questions the grounds of spiritual assurance. (p. 714; DJR-167-54.)

In this edition. “Hope, Love, Desire, and Concupiscence” → “hope, love, desire and longing” (DJR-025-28); “discern my security from carnall presumption” → “distinguish my assurance from fleshly presumption” (DJR-167-54). Hope remains in the classification. Assurance clarifies security in the related theological passage without treating the two words as interchangeable.

See also. Passion; Happiness and fortune; Faith and assurance.

Hospital

Source forms: hospitals; spittle

The word. A hospital can be a charitable residence or institution of care, not only a place for medical treatment. Spittle is a shortened form of hospital, often referring to provision for the sick or poor.

In Burton. Burton’s proposed commonwealth provides institutions for children, older people, soldiers and others as well as the sick. In the attack on uncharitable wealth, a hospital and spittle join orphans and a prison in a petition that the passing rich man refuses to hear.

The places. The proposed commonwealth includes institutions for several groups. (p. 61; DJR-016-06.) Institutions for vulnerable people petition for help. (p. 430; DJR-112-16.)

In this edition. “hospitals of all kinds” → “institutions of every kind” (DJR-016-06); “an Hospital, a Spittle” → “a hospital, a shelter for the sick” (DJR-112-16). Institutions preserves the breadth of the first list. Shelter for the sick explains spittle while hospital remains beside it in the second.

See also. Church patronage; Entertain.

Humane learning

Source forms: humanity; philologer

The word. Humanity can name secular learning, especially the study of language and literature, in contrast with divinity or theology. A philologer is a student of language and literature; the term does not mean someone chiefly distinguished by kindness.

In Burton. Burton defends his decision to write on medicine by conceding that other subjects within secular learning and theology would have been more familiar to him. His satire of rewards then shows fashionable skills and practical services bringing advancement sooner than literary study.

The places. Humanity is paired with divinity as a field of study. (p. 14; DJR-006-10.) The philologer is poorly rewarded beside other workers. (p. 37–38; DJR-011-09.)

In this edition. “humanity and divinity” → “secular learning and theology” (DJR-006-10); “a philologer or a poet” → “a student of literature or a poet” (DJR-011-09). The modern terms identify the subjects and the scholar’s activity. The article heading gathers this educational vocabulary rather than quoting one phrase from the passages.

See also. Divine; Cento; Neoterics.

Humoral qualities

Source forms: cold and dry; temperature

The word. Cold and dry are bodily qualities in humoral physiology. Temperature can mean the balance of such qualities in a constitution, rather than a numerical measure of heat.

In Burton. Burton attributes coldness and dryness to older men in a discussion of jealous marriages, contrasting them with the supposed vigour of young wives. In the polemic about fasting, he describes bodily balance as endangered by practices to which excessive spiritual merit is attributed.

The places. Old age is described as naturally cold and dry. (p. 598; DJR-145-25.) The body’s temperature is disturbed by the condemned practices. (p. 655–656; DJR-156-06.)

In this edition. “cold and dry by nature” → “naturally cold and dry” (DJR-145-25); “the temperature of their bodies” → “the balance of their bodies” (DJR-156-06). The qualities remain literal terms within Burton’s historical model. Balance makes temperature intelligible without importing a thermometer reading.

See also. Humour; Green sickness.

Humour

Source forms: gross humors; humorous; simple