SUBSEC. 8. Of the Moving faculty.

This Moving Faculty, is the other power of the Sensitive Soul, which causeth all those Inward and Outward animal motions in the body. It is divided into two faculties, the power of Appetite, and of moving from place to place. This of appetite is threefold, so some will have it; Natural, as it signifies any such inclination, as of a stone to fall downward, and such actions as Retention, Expulsion, which depend not of sense, but are Vegetal, as the Appetite of meat and drink; hunger and thirst. Sensitive is common to men and brutes.

Voluntary, the third, or intellective, which commands the other two in men, and is a curb unto them, or at least should be; but for the most part is captivated and over-ruled by them: and men are led like beasts by sense, giving reines to their concupiscence and several lusts.

For by this Appetite the soul is led or inclined to follow that good which the Senses shall approve, or avoid that which they hold evil: his object being good or evil, the one he imbraceth, the other he rejecteth: according to that Aphorisme, Omnia appetunt bonum, all things seek their own good, or at least seeming good. This power is inseparable from sense; for where sense is, there is likewise pleasure and pain.

His Organ is the same with the Common sense, and is divided into two powers, or inclinations, Concupiscible or Irascible: or (as one translates it) Coveting, Anger invading, or Impugning. Concupiscible covets alwayes pleasant and delightsome things, and abhorres that which is distastful, harsh and unpleasant. Irascible, quasi aversans per iram & odium, as avoiding it with anger and indignation.

All affections and perturbations arise out of these two fountaines, which although the Stoickes make light of, we hold natural, and not to be resisted. The good affections are caused by some object of the same nature; And if present, they procure joy, which dilates the heart, & preserves the body: if absent, they cause Hope, Love, Desire, and Concupiscence. The Bad are Simple or mixt: Simple for some bad object present, as sorrow, which contracts the Heart, macerates the Soule, subverts the good estate of the Body, hindering all the operations of it, causing Melancholy, and many times death it self: or future, as Fear.

Out of these two arise those mixt affections and passions of Anger, which is a desire of revenge; Hatred, which is inveterate anger; Zeal, which is offended with him who hurts that he loves; and ἐπιχαιρεκακία, a compound affection of Joy and Hate, when we rejoyce at other mens mischief, and are grieved at their prosperity; Pride, Self-love, Emulation, Envie, Shame, &c. of which elsewhere.

Moving from place to place, is a faculty necessarily following the other. For in vaine were it otherwise to desire and to abhor, if we had not likewise power to prosecute or eschue, by moving the body from place to place: By this faculty therefore we locally move the body, or any part of it, and go from one place to another. To the better performance of which, three things are requisite: That which moves; by what it moves; that which is moved.

That which moves, is either the Efficient cause, or End. The end is the object, which is desired or eschued; as in a dog to catch a hare, &c. The efficient cause in man is Reason, or his subordinate Phantasie, which apprehends good or bad objects: in brutes Imagination alone, which moves the Appetite, the Appetite this faculty, which by an admirable league of Nature, and by mediation of the spirit commands the Organ by which it moves:

and that consists of Nerves, Muscles, Cords, dispersed through the whole body, contracted and relaxed as the spirits will, which move the Muscles, or Nerves in the midst of them, and draw the cord, and so per consequens the joynt, to the place intended. That which is moved, is the body or some member apt to move.

The motion of the body is divers, as going, running, leaping, dancing, sitting, & such like, referred to the predicament of Situs. Wormes creep, Birds flie, Fishes swim; and so of parts, the chief of which is Respiration or breathing, and is thus performed.

The outward aire is drawn in by the vocall Artery, and sent by mediation of the Midrife to the Lungs which dilating themselves as a pair of bellowes, reciprocally fetch it in, and send it out to the heart to coole it: and from thence now being hot, convey it again, still taking in fresh. Such a like motion is that of the Pulse, of which, because many have written whole bookes, I will say nothing.