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SUBSEC. 3. Similar parts.
Containing parts, by reason of their more solid substance, are either Homogeneal, or Heterogeneal, Similar, or Dissimilar; so Aristotle divides them, lib. 1. cap. 1. de hist. Animal. Laurentius cap. 20. lib. 1. Similar, or Homogeneal, are such, as if they be divided, are still severed into parts of the same nature, as water into water. Of these some be Spermatical, some Fleshie, or Carnal.
Spermatical are such as are immediately begotten of the Seed, which are Bones, Gristles, Ligaments, Membranes, Nerves, Arteries, Veines, Skins, Fibers or strings, Fat.
The bones are dry and hard, begotten of the thickest of the seed, to strengthen and sustaine other parts: some say there be 304. some 307. or 313. in Mans body. They have no Nerves in them, and are therefore without sense.
A Gristle, is a substance softer then bone, and harder then the rest, flexible, and serves to maintaine the parts of motion. Ligaments, are they that tye the bones together, and other parts to the bones, with their subserving tendons: Membranes office is to cover the rest.
Nerves or sinews, are Membranes without, and full of marrow within, they proceed from the Brain, & carry the Animal spirits for sense & motion. Of these some be harder, some softer; the softer serve the senses, and there be 7. pair of them. The first be the Optick Nerves, by which we see; the second move the eyes; the third pair serve for the tongue to taste; the fourth pair for the taste in the Palat; the fift belong to the Ears; the sixt pair is most ample, and runs almost over all the Bowels; the seventh pair moves the Tongue.
The harder sinews serve for the motion of the inner parts, proceeding from the Marrow in the back, of whom there be thirty combinations; seven of the Neck, twelve of the Breast, &c.
Arteries are long and hollow, with a double skin to convey the vital spirits; to discern which the better, they say that Vesalius the Anatomist was wont to cut up men alive. They arise in the left side of the heart, & are principally two, from which the rest are derived, Aorta, and Venosa; Aorta is the root of all the other, which serve the whole body; the other goes to the Lungs, to fetch ayr to refrigerate the Heart.
Veins are hollow and round like pipes, arising from the Liver, carrying bloud and natural spirits, they feed all the parts. Of these there be two chief, Vena porta, and Vena cava, from which the rest are corrivated. That Vena porta is a Vein coming from the concave of the Liver, and receiving those meseraical Veins, by whom he takes the Chylus from the stomack and guts, and conveys it to the Liver.
The other derives bloud from the Liver to nourish all the other dispersed Members. The branches of that Vena porta are the Meseraical and Hæmorrhoides. The branches of the Cava are inward or outward. Inward, seminal or emulgent. Outward, in the head, arms, feet, &c. and have several names.
Fibræ are strings, white and solid, dispersed through the whole member, and right, oblique, transvers, all which have their several uses. Fat is a similar part, moyst, without bloud, composed of the most thick and unctious matter of the bloud. The skin covers the rest, and hath Cuticulam, or a little skin under it. Flesh is soft and ruddy, composed of the congealing of bloud, &c.